目的  探索一种从人诱导多能干细胞（iPSCs）分化出高纯度中脑黑质致密部（A9）多巴胺（DA）能神经元的实验方法。 方法  通过优化小分子化合物和重组人源生长因子配方，诱导iPSCs分化为中脑腹侧底板多巴胺能祖细胞，进一步诱导其成熟为黑质致密部DA能神经元。分化过程中使用Real-time PCR和免疫荧光进行有效的标记物检测。    结果  iPSCs首先分化为多巴胺能前体细胞，再逐渐分化为表达酪氨酸羟化酶（TH）的DA能神经元。    结论  应用该方法可成功分化出高纯度的TH阳性DA能神经元，该分化技术为深入研究帕金森病的病理生理机制提供了一种有效的细胞模型。 

Objective  To explore an experimental protocol for differentiating humaninduced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into highly pure midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neurons.    Methods  By optimizing a blend of small molecules and recombinant human growth factors, iPSCs were induced to differentiate into ventral midbrain floor plate DA progenitor cells and subsequently into mature substantia nigra pars compacta DA neurons. Throughout the differentiation process, Real-time PCR and immunofluorescent staining were utilized as a method  for quality assessment. Results  iPSCs firstly differentiate into dopaminergic precursor cells, and then gradually differentiate into DA neurons expressing tyrosine hydroxylase (TH).     Conclusion  The protocol successfully yields approximately high purity tyrosine hydroxylase-positive (TH+) DA neurons. This differentiation technique offers an effective cellular model for studying the physiological mechanisms and pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease, providing valuable insights for future research and potential therapeutic strategies.