目的 探讨跗骨窦的解剖学特点，为封闭治疗跗骨窦综合征提供解剖学依据。 方法 解剖30侧4%甲醛固定的下肢标本，观察和测量跗骨窦的形态结构、血管分布、韧带及脂肪组织，并对136例成年干燥跟骨和距骨进行相关解剖学观察。 结果 足背动脉、外踝前动脉、腓动脉穿支和跗外侧动脉发出分支，分布于跗骨窦及外口周围。跟骨骰关节面外上顶点为跗骨窦外口明显的骨突。跗骨管的长度为（14.85±2.08）(8.33～22.00) mm，跗骨窦的长度为（26.38±3.05）(16.54～35.79) mm，跟骨沟的长度为（41.25±3.52）(31.06～53.92) mm。跗骨管纵轴与跟骨长轴的夹角为（49.37±4.76）(39.18～56.37)°。 结论 封闭治疗跗骨窦综合征时，应该先触摸到跟骨骰关节面外上顶点，以该骨性标志为进针点斜向后内49°进针2.5 cm，即可刺入到跗骨窦腔。

Objective To provide anatomical basis for the treatment of sinus tarsi syndrome by developing the anatomical structure of sinus tarsi.  Methods Thirty formalin fixed lower limb specimens were dissected. The anatomic structures of the sinus tarsi, neurovascular tissue, ligament and adipose tissue were observed and measured. Morphologies of the sinus tarsi and canal of tarsus in intact dry calcaneus and talus of 136 Chinese adult specimens were investigated and measured.  Results The artery of the sinus tarsi and its periphery issued from the dorsalis pedis artery, anterior medial malleolar artery, perforating peroneal artery and lateral tarsal artery. The laterosuperior point of cuboidal articular surface of calcaneus was the obvious osseous marks of the lateral surface of sinus tarsi. The length canal of tarsus, sinus tarsi  and the calcaneal sulcus were (14.85±2.08)(8.33-22.00)mm, (26.38±3.05) (16.54-35.79)mm and (41.25±3.52)(31.06-53.92)mm respectively. There was a angle between two axes of calcaneus and tarsal canal, which was (49.37±4.76)(39.18-56.37)°. Conclusion During the treatment of sinus tarsi syndrome by the local steroid injection, the laterosuperior point of cuboidal articular surface of calcaneus should be palpated firstly, which is the point of inserting the needle. Then, the injection needle is towards posteromedial at 49°, and advance 2.5 mm to touch the sinus tarsi.