Objective To investigate the different doses Salvia miltiorrhiza promote follicular development in frozen-thawed mouse ovarian in an early stage after transplantation. Methods Ovaries from 1 day old mouse were cryopreserved and the thawed ovaries were xenografted into kidney capsules of 8~12 weeks old adult male mouse. The mouse were divided into four groups: Saline group、low doses(0.4ml/kg) Salvia miltiorrhiza group、middle doses (4ml/kg)Salvia miltiorrhiza group and high doses (40ml/kg) Salvia miltiorrhiza group. The grafted ovaries were collected 2, 7, and 14 days after transplantation for evaluating. Observed the histological structure and the ultrastructural changes、counted follicle numbers of the mouse ovaries after frozen-thawed and transplantation. Results The histological structure and ultrastructure showed that both the follicles and stromata were damaged on day 7 after transplantation. The follicular structure have been recovered for 14 days. The number of follicles and survival rates in grafts after transplantation of high doses Salvia miltiorrhiza group(36.2%) were more than that of middle doses、low dose Salvia miltiorrhiza group and Saline group（（24.2%、20.5、12.6%）on day 14（P＜0.05）. Conclusions Both the histological observation and ultrastructure observation methods were used in present study analyze the injury of the mouse ovarian tissues at the early stage is due to the ischemia and hypoxia rather than the cryopreservation. High doses Salvia miltiorrhiza may provide benefits for the survival rates of follicles in the frozen-thawed mouse ovarian.