P>Objective To investigate the distribution patterns of 15 short tandem repeats (STR) loci (TPOX，TH01，CSF1PO，D19S433，vWA，D18S51，D5S818，FGA，D8S1179，D21S11，D7S820，D3S1358，D13S317，D16S539，D2S1338 ) in Miao ethnic group of Rongshui County in Guangxi Province. Methods The sodium citratedblood specimens were collected from 208 healthy unrelated Miao individuals (man: 102, female: 106) in Rongshui County in Guangxi Province, and then the DNAs from the samples were extracted by phynolchloroform technique. The DNAs were amplified by using AmpFlSTR IdentifilerTM PCR Amplification Kit, and finally the data were detected with 3100 Genetic Analyzer. Result Altogether 5.20 alleles and 11.62 genotypes of 15 STR were found in 208 healthy unrelated Miao individuals of Rongshui County in Guangxi Province. The allele frequency and genotype frequency were 0.004 8-0.466 3 and 0.004 8-0.317 3 respectively. Total discrimination power wa