Objective To identify the expressions and distributions of aquaporin1 (AQP 1) and microvessel density (MVD) in human cervical carcinomas and their relationship, and investigate the roles of AQP1 and MVD in human cervical carcinomas. Methods The expressions of AQP1 and MVD in 74 cases of cervical carcinoma (46 cases of squamouscell carcinoma of the uterine cervix, 28 cases of in adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix), in 34 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and in 15 cases of normal cervices by immunohistochemical technique. Results The expression of AQP1 was found in vascular endothelial cell of CIN, squamouscell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix, with the largest amount in adenocarcinoma and a same amount in CIN and squamouscell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. There was distinct difference in the intensities of squamouscell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix and control groups. The expression rates of MVD gradually increased with the progress of cervical lesion. There were significant differences between the above 4 groups for MVD（P<0.01）. The expression of MVD was higher than that of AQP1 in squamous cell carcinoma, in adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix and in the control group, but they were the same in CIN. The expression rates of AQP1 and MVD in lymph node metastasis were obviously higher than those in nonlymph node metastasis. Conclusion AQP1 mainly expresses in vascular endothelial cell of CIN, squamouscell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix. Its expression is lower than that of MVD.