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Association of morphogenesis of pulmonary endoderm with development of prepharyngeal mesenchyme and outflow tract septation in mouse embryos
LI Hui-chao JING Ya* SHI Liang YANG Yan-ping LI Hai-rong QIAO Cong-jin QIAO Ai-xiu CAI Yu-jin
Acta Anatomica Sinica ›› 2013, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6) : 804-811.
Association of morphogenesis of pulmonary endoderm with development of prepharyngeal mesenchyme and outflow tract septation in mouse embryos
Objective To explore the relationship of pulmonary endoderm with the development of prepharyngeal mesenchyme and the outflow tract septation of the mouse embryonic heart. Methods Both the immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent methods were used in the present studies in order to observe islet-1(ISL-1), α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA), sonic hedgehog(Shh); patched(Ptc1), patched 2(Ptc2), smoothened(Smo) and myosin heavy chain(MHC) distribution in 45 mice embryos from embryonic day(ED)8 to embryonic day(ED)13. Results From ED8 to ED9, ISL-1 positive cells distributed in the splanchnic mesoderm of the pericardial cavity dorsal wall, bilateral mesenchyme to the foregut, and extended distally to the primary heart tube. Ptc1, Ptc2 positive cells were detected in the myocardium of the heart tube. During ED10 to ED13, developing pulmonary endoderm extended ventrally and expressed Ptc1, Ptc2 strongly. ISL-1 positive prepharyngeal mesenchyme surrounding the pulmonary endoderm formed a symmetrically distinctive cone-shaped structure, which projected into the aortic sac to form the primary aorta-pulmonary septum. At ED12, most of the cells in aorta-pulmonary septum turned to express α-SMA, only a few ISL-1 positive cells could be detected. Conclusion The differentiation and development of pulmonary endoderm are closely associated with typical aggregation of ISL-1 positive prepharyngeal mesenchyme. The developing pulmonary endoderm probably acts as an organizing center via sonic hedgehog signaling pathway to confer positional information on ISL-1 positive cells aggregation. The ventral extension of the pulmonary endoderm may not only induce the accumulation and migration of ISL-1 positive cells, but also play important roles in normal morphogenesis of the outflow tract and establishment of effective pulmonary circulation.
Pulmonary endoderm / Islet-1 positive cell / Outflow tract of the heart / Sonic hedgehog / Immunohistochemisty / Immunofluorescence / Mouse
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