Objective To investigate the proliferation and differentiation effect of hippocampal niche on the radial glia cells EM>in vitro/EM> . Methods Successfully prepared normal hippocampal extracts and transected extracts after hippocampal fimbria-fornix transection. On the proliferation and differentiation stages, the normal and transected extracts were used to investigate their effects on the radial glia cells respectively. Results On the proliferation stage, the proportion of BrdU-positive cells in the transected group was obviously higher than that of the normal group and control group（EM>P/EM>0.05）; on the differentiation stage, the number of Tuj1-positive cells in the transected group was much more than that of the normal and control group（EM>P/EM>0.05）. Conclusion The fimbria-fornix transected hippocampal extracts can promote the proliferation and neurons differentiation of neonatal rats radial glia cells EM>in vitro/EM>. These data indicate