Objective  To examine the impact of a 25-amino-acid N-terminal peptide (α-ANT) derived from aminoacyl-transfer RNA synthetase complex-interacting multifunctional protein 1 (AIMP1) on scar development and the process of wound healing following skin injury. Methods  The full-thickness incision wound or full-thickness excision wound models were constructed in SPF-grade CD-1 male mice (n=51) using a sterile scalpel or a 9 mm skin punch. After creating the full-thickness incision wound model, the mice were divided into the simple full-thickness incision wound model group (blank group, n=9), the full-thickness incision wound model + Pluronic gel group (n=9), and the full-thickness incision wound model + α-ANT treatment group (60 μmol/L, n=12). After creating the full-thickness excision wound model, the mice were divided into the full-thickness excision wound model + Pluronic gel group (control group, n=9) and the full-thickness excision wound model + α-ANT treatment group (60 μmol/L, n=12). Wound healing was assessed, and HE staining was used to observe pathological changes in granulation tissue. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were employed to measure the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines and growth factors. The tensile properties of the skin lesions after repair were evaluated using a multifunctional tensile tester. CCK-8 and Transwell chemotaxis assays were conducted to examine the effects of α-ANT on the proliferation and migration characteristics of primary neutrophils. Results   After topical application of exogenous α-ANT peptide, the peptide could accumulate at the wound edges within 2 hours following the establishment of full-thickness skin wound models in mice. Whether applied to linear (incisional) or circular (puncture) wounds, α-ANT peptide significantly accelerated wound healing, reduced scar tissue formation, and effectively promoted the restoration of dermal tissue structure and mechanical strength post-healing. Western blotting and immunofluorescence results demonstrated that α-ANT peptide enhanced ERK activation, inhibited P38 MAPK activation, reduced neutrophil infiltration, and stimulated growth factor synthesis. Conclusion  Regardless of the morphology of skin wounds, α-ANT peptides can significantly promote skin wound healing by modulating the dynamic balance of ERK-P38 MAPK to inhibit neutrophil infiltration and secretion during the inflammatory process.