Repair of knee joint cartilage defects in rabbits using Gd-HA composite with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells

doi:10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2025.03.013

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Acta Anatomica Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (3) : 342-350. DOI: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2025.03.013

Bioengineering

Repair of knee joint cartilage defects in rabbits using Gd-HA composite with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells

BAO Ying¹ KONG Wei-li² YANG Yu³ SHEN Fu-guo¹ ZHANG Shuai³ SUN Wen-cai^1*

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Abstract

Objective To investigate the effect of Gd-hydroxyapatite(Gd-HA) stents with adipose mesenchymal cells (ADSCs) on the repair of knee articular cartilage defects. Methods To isolate, culture, and identify rabbit ADSCs by establishing a rabbit knee joint full-thickness cartilage defect model, a total of 18 rabbits were randomly divided into blank control group, Gd-HA scaffold group, and ADSCs+Gd-HA scaffold group. At week 12 and 24 after surgery, International Curtilage Repair Society(ICRS) score, HE, toluidine blue, modified red O bright green and ColⅡ were detected by immunohistochemical staining, then ColⅡ and GAG mRNA expression levels were detected by O’Driscoll and Realtime PCR. ColⅡ protein expression was detected by Western blotting, GAG content was detected by DMMB, biomechanical strength was detected by indentation test, and PKH26 labeled ADSCs was used to trace the tissue engineering scaffold with Gd-HA composite ADSCs to evaluate the repair effect of rabbit knee cartilage defects. Results The ADSCs isolated and cultured in vitro showed good growth, stable phenotype and good directional differentiation through macroscopic observation and histological staining, it could be seen that the repair degree and effect of the knee joint fullthickness cartilage defect model implanted with Gd-HA scaffold group were better than those of the blank control group, while the cartilage repair situation of the ADSCs+Gd-HA scaffold group was better than that of the Gd-HA scaffold group (P<0.05); The ICRS and improved O’Driscoll scores were higher than the other two groups (P<0.05). Compared with the Gd-HA group, the ADSCs+Gd-HA group could produce ColⅡ and GAG during the process of cartilage repair, with stronger mechanical strength of the repaired tissue (P<0.05); PKH26 labeled ADSCs were found in the repaired tissues of the ADSCs+Gd-HA group, and they were involved in the composition of newly formed tissues. Conclusion Gd-HA scaffold material combined with ADSCs has a good repair effect on full-thickness cartilage defects in the knee joint as a new type of biological material for repairing joint cartilage defects.

Key words

Cartilage repair

/ Cartilage tissue defect / Biomaterial / Immunohistochemistry / Real-time PCR / Western blotting / Rabbit

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BAO Ying KONG Wei-li YANG Yu SHEN Fu-guo ZHANG Shuai SUN Wen-cai. Repair of knee joint cartilage defects in rabbits using Gd-HA composite with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells[J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica. 2025, 56(3): 342-350 https://doi.org/10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2025.03.013

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