Expression and clinical significance of annexin A2 and glycogen synthase kinase-3β&nbsp; in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

doi:10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2025.03.006

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Acta Anatomica Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (3) : 294-300. DOI: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2025.03.006

Cancer Biology

Expression and clinical significance of annexin A2 and glycogen synthase kinase-3β in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

JIANG Wen-qun¹ HOU Pin-pin² TAN Mei-le³ GAN Lin-quan³ WU Ling-yan³ CHENG Xian-gui^3*

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Abstract

Objective To investigate the expressions of annexin A2 and glycogen synthesis kinase-3β (GSK-3β) in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) tissues, and to analyze their correlation with CSCC as well as their clinical pathological diagnostic value. Methods The pathological tissues of 68 patients with CSCC and 40 patients with keratoacanthoma (KA) who underwent surgical treatment in the Department of Dermatology of the Second Hospital of Nanning from October 2020 to May 2024 were collected, and the surrounding normal skin tissues of 32 patients with benign skin diseases were used as controls. The expressions of annexin A2, GSK-3β and β-catenin were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Spearman was used to evaluate the correlation between the expressions of annexin A2 and GSK-3β and the pathological characteristics in CSCC. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to analyze the clinical diagnostic value of annexin A2 and GSK-3β in CSCC. Results Compared with the normal skin tissues, the expressions of annexin A2 and βcatenin in CSCC increased, and GSK-3β decreased (P<0.05); Compared with the KA tissues, the expression of annexin A2 in CSCC tissues increased (P<0.05). The expression of annexin A2 was negatively correlated with that of GSK-3β in CSCC (r=-0.3901, P<0.01). GSK-3β expression was related to tissue differentiation, with lower expression in poorly differentiated patients’ cancer tissues (P<0.05). The sensitivity of annexin A2 and GSK-3β for diagnosis of CSCC was 85.3% and 41.2%, respectively, with specificities of 46.9% and 84.4% respectively. The sensitivity of annexin A2 for distinguishing between CSCC and KA was 85.3%, with a specificity of 40.0%. Conclusion Annexin A2 and GSK-3β may be used as potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis or differential diagnosis of CSCC, and play important roles in the development of CSCC. Their mechanism may be related to the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Key words

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

/ Keratoacanthoma / Annexin A2 / Glycogen synthesis kinase-3β / Western blotting / Huma

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JIANG Wen-qun HOU Pin-pin TAN Mei-le GAN Lin-quan WU Ling-yan CHENG Xian-gui. Expression and clinical significance of annexin A2 and glycogen synthase kinase-3β in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma[J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica. 2025, 56(3): 294-300 https://doi.org/10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2025.03.006

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