Human brain banks use a standardized protocol to collect, process and store post-mortem human brains and related tissues, along with relevant clinical information, and to provide the tissue samples and data as a resource to foster neuroscience research according to a standardized operating protocols (SOP). Human brain bank serves as the foundation for neuroscience research and the diagnosis of neurological disorders, highlighting the crucial rule of ensuring the consistency of standardized quality for brain tissue samples. The first version of SOP in 2017 was published by the China Human Brain Bank Consortium. As members increases from different regions in China, a revised SOP was drafted by experts from the China Human Brain Bank Consortium to meet the growing demands for neuroscience research. The revised SOP places a strong emphasis on ethical standards, incorporates neuropathological evaluation of brain regions, and provides clarity on spinal cord sampling and pathological assessment. Notable enhancements in this updated version of the SOP include reinforced ethical guidelines, inclusion of matching controls in recruitment, and expansion of brain regions to be sampled for neuropathological evaluation.