Objective To assess the effect of wogonoside on the inflammation after rat spinal cord injury.   Methods Rats (n=95) were subjected to dorsal spinal cord transection at T9-10 vertebra. The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal group (N), normal saline group (NS), low-dose wogonoside group (WG12.5), medium-dose wogonoside group (WG25) and high-dose wogonoside group (WG50). The expression levels of inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) were detected by ELISA. The levels of toe spreading (TS) and intermediate toe spreading (ITS) were evaluated with static footprint analysis. HE staining was performed to observe the histology of spinal cord injury rats. The number of neurons in rats with spinal cord injury was observed by Nissl staining, the morphology and regeneration of axons by transmission electron microscope, the demyelination by myelin sheath staining, and the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and nerve growth associated protein 43 (GAP43) by immunohistochemistry.   Results Compared with the N group, NS group showed higher expression of TNF-α and IL-1（P＜0.01）, higher levels of TS and ITS（P＜0.01）, abnormal morphology of spinal cord, severer loss of neurons, abnormal myelin sheath morphology, more serious decolorization of myelin sheath（P＜0.01）, significantly increased GFAP expression, slightly increased GAP43 expression. The WG group showed decreased expression of TNF-α and IL-1（P＜0.01）, lower levels of TS and ITS（P＜0.01）, restored morphology of spinal cord, inhibited neuron loss, restored myelin sheath morphology and new neural axis, reduced decolorization of myelin sheath（P＜0.01）, decreased expression of GFAP, and increased expression of GAP43. All these reversed results were dose-dependent.   Conclusion Wogonoside can improve the local microenvironment of spinal cord injury, reduce the formation of glial scar, promote axon regeneration, inhibit local neuron loss and cavity formation, all contributing to the repair of spinal cord injury.