Objective To explore the risk factors that affect the outcome of cerebral infarction. Methods The clinical data of 594 patients with cerebral infarction were retrospectively analyzed, and 351 healthy subjects matched with age were compared. Two groups of demographic, past history and clinical laboratory indicators were compared, and multivariate analysis was performed using non-conditional logistic regression to rebeal the risk factors that affect the outcome of cerebral infarction. Results Homocysteinemia level, lipoprotein(a) level, fasting blood glucose level, admission systolic blood pressure and hypertension history were the independent risk factors affecting the outcome of cerebral infarction. Conclusion The risk factors for the poor prognosis of cerebral infarction should be controlled early, so as to reduce and prevent the poor outcome and cerebral infarction recurrence.