Objective To establish a nonsurgical induced decidualization technique in mice, and to explore the air-induced decidua in this study. Methods Clean air (2 μl) was transferred into unilateral uterine horn of 30 pseudopregnant 3.5 days mice by a non-surgical transfer method. The morphology, weight, diameter, cellular differentiation, and decidua-related marker genes in airinduced decidua were detected. Results After air transfer four days, twenty-five pseudopregnant mice displayed different degree of decidualization phenomenon. Compared to the control side uterine horn, air-transferred uterine horns appeared significantly dilation and overweight with increased diameter. The permeability of uterine endometria was extensively spread along the whole horns. Three decidualization-realated marker genes ［cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2),prolactin(Prl)3c1 and Prl8a2］ had a higher expression level. In addition, polykaryocytes was observed in air-induced decidua. Conclusion Mouse uterine endometrial decidualization can be effectively induced by a non-surgical air transfer method .