Objective To investigate the expressions of thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) and NaSUP>+/SUP>ISUP>-/SUP> symporter (NIS) in thyroid carcinoma and their role in the process of treatment of thyroid carcinoma. Methods The expressions of TSHR and NIS in 45 normal thyroid tissues, 45 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tissues and 21 anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) tissues were detected by immunohistochemical SABC technique respectively. Results The expressions of TSHR and NIS in normal thyroid tissues were higher than those in PTC tissues and ATC tissues. TSHR was all expressed on the membrane of follicular epithelial cells of normal thyroid tissues, which were all expressed in the cytoplasm of ATC cells. In PTC the percentage of expressions in cytomembrane and cytoplasm were 71.1% and 15.6% respectively. NIS was all expressed on the membrane of follicular epithelial cells of normal thyroid tissues, which were all expressed in the cytoplasm of PTC cells and ATC cells. Conclusion The expression location and the expression level of TSHR and NIS are closely related with the differentiation degrees of thyroid carcinoma, which may become the effect indication of TSH suppression therapy and radioiodin