Objective To investigate the therapeutical effects of Yangxueqingnaokeli(YXQNKL) on global ischemia reperfusion injury in Mongolian gerbils. Methods The global cerebral ischemia of gerbils was induced by clamping bilateral carotid arteries for 30 minutes and reperfused for 5 days. Nissl staining was employed to observe the morphology and numbers of the gerbils’ CA1 hippocampal neurons, and immunohistochemical stainings of Glusyn, NCS-1 and caspase-3 were used to observe their expressions in the gerbils’ CA1 hippocampal neurons. Results Nissl staining showed that the CA1 hippocampal neurons both in I/R+0.4g/kg YXQNKL group and I/R+0.8g/kg YXQNKL group were much more than those in the I/R group (P<0.05), and immunohistochemical stainings indicated that the positive cells of NCS-1 and caspase-3,Glusyn in CA1 hippocampal neurons were significantly decreased compared with those in the I/R group (P<0.05).Conclusion Treatment with YXQ can increase the living neurons in hippocampus CA1 region potently against global ischemia reperfusion brain injury,which is closely related to the decreased expression of NCS-1,caspase-3 and Glusyn.