欢迎访问《解剖学报》官方网站！今天是
English
中国乡村汉族青少年体表面积发育的区域差异
Analysis on regional differences of body surface area development of Chinese Han teenagers in rural areas
目的 探讨中国乡村汉族青少年体表面积发育的区域差异。 方法 以2010年中国学生体质与健康调研报告中30个省市乡村汉族107745名（男生53857人，女生53888人）青少年的身高、体质量资料，以Stevenson和DuBois公式计算男女性体表面积值。选择7～18岁12个年龄段身高、体质量和体表面积3项指标的36个参数，利用方差最大正交旋转进行因子分析，将各指标参数的均值转化为因子分。以因子分作样本间Q聚类分析(Ward法)，将男女各30个样本归纳成若干类别，用三次方多项式模型拟合上述各类体表面积发育曲线。 结果 3项指标（身高、体质量和体表面积）能较好综合概括不同区域群体生长发育的差异；男女生均聚合成3类；男生可分为发育较高组和较低组，女生可分为发育较高组、中间组和较低组；各类群体间生长发育存在差异性。结论 中国乡村汉族青少年体表面积既有相似性，又有差异性，总体上呈现出北高南低、东高西低的发育格局,但全国女生体表面积发育差距缩小，中东部及沿海省市有超越北方的趋势。
Objective To investigate the regional differences of the body surface area development of Chinese Han teenagers from areas. Methods This report was based on the data of height and weight of 107745（male 53857，female 53888）Chinese Han teenagers’ physique and health survey report in 2010 of 30 provinces and cities. It calculated the body surface came with Stevenson and DuBois’s formula. The 36 parameters of height, weight and body surface obtained from teenagers of 7-18 years old. It used varimax to factor analysis, average of the various parameters change to factor points and factors points to the samples Q cluster analysis (Ward’s method). Thirty samples of men and women were divided into several categories using the Cubic model fitting growth curve of the above body surface area. Results The three indicators（height, weight and body surface area） comprehensively summarized the differences of growth and development of different area groups. Both boys and girls were embraced into three categories. Boys were be divided into high and low development group. Girls were be divided into high, middle and low group. There were development differences among different groups. Conclusion There are both similarities and differences of body surface area development. As a whole the body surface area of Chinese Han teenagers in rural regions of China is lower from north to south and from east to west. The gap of the girl’s body surface area in China is reducing now, and the body surface of the middle-eastern and coastal provinces and cities has a tendency to go beyond the north’ body surface.
乡村 / 汉族 / 体表面积 / 生长发育 / 人体测量法 / 青少年
Rural area / Han / Body surface area / Growth and development / Anthropometric method / Teenager
［1］Research Group of Teenagers’ Constitution in China. Study on the Body Shape, Function and Quality of Chinese Teenagers’ Constitution ［M］.Beijing: Science and Technology Press, 1982： 589-733.（in Chinese）
中国青少年体质研究组.中国青少年儿童身体形态、机能与素质的研究［M］. 北京：科学技术文献出版社,1982:589-733.
［2］Liang MK, Jiang K, Zhu FW, et al. Body surface area of students of Han nationality in Guangxi province in China［J］. Chinese Journal of Anatomy,2007, 30(5):627-630.（in Chinese）
梁明康,蒋葵,朱芳武,等.广西汉族学生体表面积调查［J］,解剖学杂志,2007,30(5):627-630.
［3］Wu XY. Comparative study on 7 to 19-year-old student’s body surface area between She and Han nationalities in mountains areas of Southwest Zhejiang ［J］. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2012, 33(1):52-54.（in Chinese）
吴暅晔.浙西南山区7～19岁畲族与汉族学生体表面积比较［J］,中国学校卫生,2012,33(1):52-54.
［4］Li H, Li MY, Yang JM, et al. Comparative study on the Han and Uygur students’ body surface area ［J］. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2014, 35(2):280-281.（in Chinese）
李辉,李梦园,杨俊敏,等.汉族与维吾尔族中小学生体表面积比较［J］,中国学校卫生,2014,35(2):280-281.
［5］Wang F, Zuo MX. Human and Animal Physiology ［M］. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 1986:189.（in Chinese）
王玢,左明雪.人体及动物生理学［M］.北京:高等教育出版社,1986:189.
［6］Zhang JR. Physiology ［M］.4th ed. Beijing: People’s Medical Press, 1996:227.（in Chinese）
张镜如.生理学［M］.第4版.北京:人民卫生出版社,1996:227.
［7］Chen ZhQ. Comparative analysis on the calculating methods for human body surface area ［J］. Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine, 2003, 22(6):576-579. (in Chinese)
陈志强.人体体表面积计算方法的比较研究［J］.中国运动医学杂志,2003,22(6):576-579.
［8］Zuo QH. Pediatrics ［M］. 3rd ed. Beijing: People’s Medical Press, 1993: 54.（in Chinese）
左启华.儿科学［M］.第3版.北京:人民卫生出版社,1993:54.
［9］Li JG, Wang ZhN. Investigation on body surface area of middle and primary school students in Miao nationality towns ［J］.China Sport Science and Technology, 2005, 41(6)：109-111.（in Chinese）
李继国,王中南.苗族城镇中小学学生体表面积凋查研究［J］.中国体育科技,2005,41(6)：109-111.
［10］Du Bois EF. The measurement of the body surface area in man［J］. Arch Intern Med, 1916, 15:868
［11］Stevenson PH. Calculation of the body-surface area of Chinese ［J］.Chin J Physiol, Report series, 1928，Ⅱ (1):13-14.
［12］Stevenson PH. An additional note on the calculation of the surface area of Chinese.Subject: the technique of measurement and a modified arm constant ［J］. Chin J Physiol, 1930，IV (3):327-334.
［13］Zhao SSh, Liu YM, Yao JB, et al. The estimation of body surface area of adult Chinese females ［J］. Acta Nutrimenta Sinica, 1987, 9(3):200-207.（in Chinese）
赵松山,刘友梅, 姚家邦,等.中国成年女子体表表面积的测量［J］.营养学报,1987,9(3):200-207.
［14］Zhao SSh, Liu YM, Yao JB, et al. The estimation of body surface area of adult Chinese males ［J］. Acta Nutrimenta Sinica, 1984, 6(2):87-96.（in Chinese）
赵松山,刘友梅,姚家邦,等.中国成年男子体表面积的测量［J］.营养学报,1984,6(2):87-96.
［15］Hu YM, Wu XL, Hu ZhH, et al. Study of formals for calculating body surface areas of the Chinese adults［J］. Journal of Physiology, 1999,5(1):45-48.（in Chinese）
胡咏梅,武晓洛,胡志红,等.关于中国人体表面积公式的研究［J］.生理学报,1999,5(1):45-48.
［16］Hu YM,Wang XCh,Ren EH, et al. Comparison of the body surface area values measured and calculated by Stevenson formula for modern Chinese ［J］. Journal of Xinxiang Medical College, 1996, 16(3):228-230.（in Chinese）
胡咏梅, 王新潮,任爱红,等.中国人体表面积实测值与以Stevenson公式计算值的比较［J］,新乡医学院学报,1996,16(3):228-230.
［17］Huang YJ, Yu ZhJ, Chen XH, et al. A study of the juvenile body surface area of the Yao nationality in Guangdong province ［J］.Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2010, 29(4):425-430.（in Chinese）
黄拥军,喻志坚,陈秀虎,等. 广东瑶族青少年学生体表面积研究［J］.人类学学报,2010,29(4):425-430.
［18］Gao GZh, Chen LW, Qian QB, et al. Analysis on body surface area of Han adolescents in rural region of east Anhui ［J］, Chinese Journal of Anatomy, 2014, 37(4):537-542.（in Chinese）
高国柱,陈立武,钱庆兵,等.皖东农村汉族青少年体表面积分析［J］,解剖学杂志,2014,37(4):537-542.
［19］Research Group of the Physical Fitness and Health Research of Chinese School Students. Reports on the Physical Fitness and Health Research of Chinese School Students 2010 ［M］. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2012:187-210.（in Chinese）
中国学生体质与健康研究组.2010年中国学生体质与健康调研报告［M］.北京：高等教育出版社,2012:187-210.
［20］Tang XL. Growth and Development of Children and Teenagers ［M］.Beijing: People’s Medical Press,1991:156-174.（in Chinese）
唐锡麟.儿童少年生长发育［M］.北京:人民卫生出版社,1991:156-174.
［21］Ji ChY. Hygiene of Children and Teenagers ［M］. Beijing: People’s Medical Press, 2007:6-10.（in Chinese）
季成叶.儿童少年卫生学［M］.北京:人民卫生出版社,2007:6-10.
［22］Tang XL, Wang ZhQ, Wang DM. District distribution of stature in Chinese youth ［J］.Acta Anthropologica Sinica,1994,13(2):143-148.（in Chinese）
唐锡麟,王志强,王冬妹.中国汉族青年身高水平的地域分布［J］.人类学学报,1994,13(2):143-148.
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
