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神经甾体激素对神经元的影响及在神经退行性疾病治疗中的作用
Actions of neurosteroids in neurons and the treatment of neurodegenerative disease
在中枢神经系统中，神经元和神经胶质细胞能够表达神经甾体激素合成的关键酶。当神经甾体激素产生的浓度足够高时，可行使旁分泌作用。脑内神经甾体激素的合成会随年龄的增长呈现下降的趋势。在应激状态下，神经甾体激素的合成也下降。最近的研究报告显示，脑内神经甾体激素水平的下降与神经元的变性及其功能障碍有关。本文仅就目前研究最多的神经甾体激素（如脱氢表雄酮、孕烯醇酮及其硫酸酯、孕酮和别孕烯醇酮）影响神经元存活，神经突的增长和神经元增生的最新研究成果以及这些神经甾体激素在治疗神经退行性疾病中的潜在性作用进行综述。
Neurons and glia in the central nervous system can express the key enzymes for the synthesis of neurosteroids. Once the concentration of neurosteroids is high enough, they will exert paracrine effects. Synthesis of neurosteroids declines with age in brain. So does it under stressful circumstances. Recent research reports indicate that the decrease of neurosteroids is associated with the neuronal dysfunction and degeneration in the brain. This paper reviews recent research on the most studied neurosteroids (for example, dehydroepiandrosterone, pregnenolone and their sulphate esters, progesterone and allopregnanolone) in affecting neuronal survival, neurite outgrowth and neurogenesis, and the potential roles of these neurosteroids in the treatment of neurodegenerative disease as well.
神经甾体激素 / 神经元增生 / 神经元存活 / 神经突增长
Neurosteroid / Neurogenesis / Neuronal survival / Neurite outgrowth
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浙江省自然科学基金项目;浙江省钱江人才计划项目
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