目的 探讨黄芪丹参联合应用对大鼠失神经骨骼肌萎缩的治疗效果。方法 取雄性健康8周龄SD大鼠20只，随机分为对照组、治疗组。两组均切断右侧坐骨神经约1cm，建立右下肢失神经腓肠肌萎缩模型。治疗组术后每日采用黄芪与丹参各1.5ml混合液，腹腔注射给药；对照组不做任何处理。于给药后的第2周和第3周时间点，各取两组大鼠双侧腓肠肌，测量肌湿重,计算肌湿重比值；另取两组右侧腓肠肌测量肌纤维横截面积、总蛋白含量、细胞凋亡率、叉头蛋白（FoXO3a）、肌萎缩F-box蛋白（MAFbx）mRNA及蛋白表达水平。 结果 第2周对照组、治疗组肌湿重比值：0.62±0.07、0.76±0.05；肌纤维横截面积：300.24±17.87、365.49±24.19;总蛋白量：63.32±5.30、80.28±3.12；细胞凋亡率：20.34±2.51、12.62±1.20；FoXO3a蛋白及mRNA表达：0.828±0.090、0.643±0.090、24.45±7.21、19.38±5.55；MAFbx蛋白及mRNA表达：1.224±0.090、0.956±0.040、27.45±8.50、19.44±5.64；第3周对照组、治疗组肌湿重比值：0.35±0.03、0.59±0.07；肌纤维横截面积：253.38±13.32、314.50±16.74；总蛋白量：50.34±4.12、67.70±5.42；细胞凋亡率：33.45±1.71、17.53±1.26；FoXO3a蛋白及mRNA表达：1.963±0.150、1.236±0.060、35.62±6.24、27.91±7.71；MAFbx蛋白及mRNA表达1.487±0.050、1.240±0.123、43.63±8.22、35.39±7.96，两组相比，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05)。 结论 黄芪丹参联合应用可延缓大鼠失神经骨骼肌萎缩，其可能的机制为抑制细胞凋亡、延缓总蛋白降解速度；抑制蛋白降解通路FoXO3a、MAFbX mRNA和蛋白表达水平。

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of Huangqi and Danshen in the denervated skeletal muscle atrophy.Methods Eight weeks old male SD rats were randomly divided into the control groups and the treatment groups. To establish the denervated right gastrocnemius atrophy model,about 1cm of the right sciatic nerve was cut off.After operation,1.5ml of a mixture of Huangqi and Danshen was injected into the treatment groups daily via intraperitoneal injection.The control groups were without any treatment.The right gastrocnemius muscle was removed at the second week and the third week after operation.The muscle wet weight,cross section area of myocytes,total protein content,cell apoptosis rate, the mRNA and protein expression levels of FoXO3a, MAFbx were examined. Results Of second week control and treatment groups, the muscle wet weight ratio was 0.62±0.07 and 0.76±0.05; muscle fiber cross-sectional area was 300.24±17.87 and 365.49±24.19; total protein quantity was 63.32±5.30 and 80.28±3.12, apoptosis rate was 20.34± 2.51 and 12.62±1.20, the expressions of FoXO3a protein and mRNA were 0.828±0.090, 0.643±0.090, 24.45±7.21, and 19.38±5.55, the expressions of MAFbx protein and mRNA were 1.224±0.090, 0.956±0.040, 27.45±8.50, and 19.44±5.64. Of third weeks control and treatment groups, the muscle wet weight ratio was 0.35±0.03, 0.59±0.07; muscle fiber cross-sectional area was 253.38±13.32, 314.50±16.74, total protein quantity was 50.34±4.12, 67.70±5.42; apoptosis rate was 33.45±1.71, 17.53±1.26, the expressions of FoXO3a protein and mRNA were 1.963±0.150, 1.236±0.060, 35.62±6.24, and 27.91±7.71. MAFbx protein and mRNA expression were 1.487± 0.050, 1.240±0.123, 43.63±8.22, and 35.39±7.96. Compared between the two groups, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Combined application of astragalus Danshen can delay the early rat denervated skeletal muscle atrophy, and its mechanism may be through inhibiting apoptosis, delay the total protein degradation rate, and inhibiting protein expression level and protein degradation pathway of FoXO3a, and MAFbX mRNA.