欢迎访问《解剖学报》官方网站！今天是
English
土家族少年儿童体质发育
Physical development of Tujia children and adolescents
目的 探讨武陵山区土家族儿童少年体质发育特征及其规律。方法 采用人体测量学的方法, 对武陵山区1865例土家族儿童少年（男性953例，女性912例）17项体质发育指标进行测量，计算11项体质指数。结果 土家族儿童少年生长发育的各项指标均值随年龄的增长而增加；土
家族男女性的生长发育曲线呈上升趋势并且有交叉现象；土家族男性的身高突增年龄为11~13岁, 女性则为9、11～12岁；土家族学生的体质指数年龄变化规律与其他民族基本相似，但身体各部分的发育程度不相同。结论 土家族儿童少年体质发育符合一般生长发育规律，并有性别差异
，土家族男女生的体质发育相对落后于汉族等其他民族学生。
Objective To explore the feature and physical growth patterns of the Tujia nationality children and adolescents in Wuling mountain area. Methods According to the anthropometric method, seventeen physical development items for 1865 Tujia
children and adolescents（953 males and 912 females）in Wuling mountain area were investigated, and eleven physical indexes were calculated by formula．Results The characteristic of growth development of Tujia children and adolescents was that the
mean value of measuring items gradually increased with age. The growth curves of both Tujia boys and girls were on the rise and appeared crossover phenomenon. The age at peak height velocity was at 11-13 years old for boys while 9 and 11-12 years old
for girls. The age changing law of physical development indexes of Tujia children and adolescents were similar to that of other nationalities, while there were differences in the development degree of physical body. Conclusion The physical development
of Tujia children and adolescents is in conformity with the general growth pattern，there is gender difference in physical development between male and female of Tujia children and adolescents, and the physical development of Tujia children and
adolescents is relatively behind the development of Han and other nationalities.
武陵山区 / 土家族 / 体质发育 / 人体测量法 / 儿童 / 少年
Wuling mountain area / Tujia / Physical development / Anthropometric method / Children｜Adolescent
［1］Yang M.The Tujia with the Ancient Ba People［M］.Chongqing: Chongqing Press,2002:3－46.(in Chinese)
杨铭.土家族与古代巴人［M］. 重庆: 重庆出版社, 2002:3－46.
［2］Yang ShM. The Study of Chinese Ethnography［M］.Beijing: Central University for Nationalities Press, 2003:211－219. (in Chinese)
杨圣敏.中国民族志［M］. 北京: 中央民族大学出版社, 2003：211－219.
［3］Xu F,Chen YW. Study on physical development for students in Dalian［J］．Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2004，23(1):61－72.(in Chinese)
徐飞，陈要武．大连学生体质发育的研究［J］．人类学学报，2004, 23(1)：61－72.
［4］Zhang TCh,Zhang FL,Xu JB. Growth and development of Tujia and Miao students in western Hunan［J］. Chinese Journal of School Health,2004,25(4):476－477.(in Chinese)
张天成，张福兰，徐建波．湘西地区土家族和苗族中小学生生长发育状况［J］．中国学校卫生，2004，25(4)：476－477.
［5］Peng Y, Qu J. Comparative research of the student physique state of health on western Hunan Tujia and the Han nationality
［J］．Journal of Huaihua University，2011，30(8)：62－70. (in Chinese)
彭彦，屈杰．湘西土家族与汉族学生体质健康状况比较研究［J］．怀化学院学报，2011，30(8)：62－70.
［6］Xi HJ, Chen Zh. Anthropomctric Methods［M］.Beijing: Science Press,2010:4－185.(in Chinese)
席焕久，陈昭．人体测量方法［M］．北京：科学出版社，2010:4－185.
［7］Carter JEL.The HeathCarter Anthropometric Somatotype (Instruction Manual)［M］.London: Cambridge university Press,2003:4.
［8］Shao XQ．Anthropometric Manual［M］.Shanghai：Shanghai Dictionary Press，1985:412－413．(in Chinese)
邵象清.人体测量手册［M］．上海:上海辞书出版社，1985:412－413.
［9］Ji ChY. Child and Adolescent Health［M］．Beijing: People‘s Medical Publishing House, 2007：6-10. (in Chinese)
季成叶.儿童少年卫生学［M］．北京：人民卫生出版社，2007:6－10.
［10］Physical Fitness and Health Research Group of Chinese Students. Report on the Physical Fitness and Heath Surveillance of Chinese School Students in 2000［M］．Beijing：Higher Education Press,2002:79－251.(in Chinese)
中国学生体质与健康研究组．2000年中国学生体质与健康调研报告［M］．北京：高等教育出版社，2002:79－251.
［11］Zhang MT,Wang LT,Chen PH,et al. Analysis of data on the physical development and growth indices of students in Kazak primaryand middle schools［J］．Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 1990，9(3):204－211. (in Chinese)
张明涛，王兰婷，陈平虎，等．哈萨克族中小学生体质发育资料及身体发育指数分析［J］．人类学学报，1990，9(3):204－211.
［12］Yuan BB, Li SF, Yang JD, et al. Analysis to the physique index of Zhuang students in Mashan county［J］．Journal of Guangxi medical university，1999，16(5)：713－716. (in Chinese)
袁白冰，李松峰，杨坚德，等．广西马山县农村壮族学生身体发育指数调查分析［J］．广西医科大学学报，1999，16(5)：713－716.
［13］Duan Ch. Tujia Culture History［M］. Beijing: Ethnic Publishing House, 2000: 293. (in Chinese)
段超. 土家族文化史［M］. 北京:民族出版社,2000:293.
［14］Ye GJ. Modern Children and Adolescents Hygiene［M］. Beijing: People’s Medical Publishing House, 1999:17. (in Chinese)
叶广俊.现代儿童少年卫生学［M］. 北京:人民卫生出版社,1999:17.
［15］Liang ChQ, Huang DY, Wu GY, et al. Body surface area of primary and secondary school students in Miao nationality of border regions of Hunan and Guizhou［J］．Chinese Journal of Anatomy，2011,34（6）：831－833. (in Chinese)
梁成青,黄大元,吴国运,等. 湘黔边区苗族中小学生体表面积调查分析［J］．解剖学杂志，2011,34（6）：831－833.
［16］Wang ZhF,Du XL. Growth and development of Yugur primary and middle school students in Gansu province［J］．Chinese Journal of Public Health，2011，27(6)：693－694. (in Chinese)
王志凡，杜潇利．甘肃裕固族中小学生生长发育状况调查［J］．中国公共卫生，2011，27(6)：693694.
教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目基金;其他(不属于以上基金类别的请自行输入下框)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
