欢迎访问《解剖学报》官方网站！今天是
English
啮齿类动物视网膜血管系统的发育
Development of the retinal vascular system of rodents
目的 探讨啮齿类视网膜血管系统的发育。方法 选取生后不同年龄阶段的啮齿类动物各12只，用免疫组织化学染色、明胶墨汁灌流、
透射电镜显示其视网膜血管和血-视网膜屏障结构。结果 啮齿类视网膜血管系统是生后由视盘处开始，并以视乳头为中心呈放射状蔓延生长，
逐步覆盖整个视网膜，先形成视网膜内表面浅层血管网，继而伸入视网膜内核层的内、外侧边缘形成两个平行于浅层血管网的深层血管网；血
-视网膜屏障由幼稚内皮细胞、厚薄不均一的基膜层和多层较厚的胶质细胞终足成分构成,逐步发育为由内壁光滑连接紧密的内皮细胞、均一的
基膜、较薄的终足构成的成熟血-视网膜屏障。结论 啮齿类动物视网膜血管系统的发育成熟与视网膜细胞的分化成熟在时空上存在一致性；成
熟的血-视网膜屏障使视网膜具有一定的抗感染能力。
Objective To study the development of the retinal vascular system in rodents. Methods Immunohistochemistry,
gelatin-ink perfusion, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were utilized to demonstrate structures of the retinal
vasculature and blood-retinal barrier in rodents of different ages（n=12）. Results The rodent retinal vascular system developed
from the optic disc after birth and radiated out to cover the entire retina. The superficial vasculature formed on the retinal
inner surface, then the vasculature extended into the inner and outer edges of the retinal inner nuclear layer, forming two
deep-layer vasculature that was parallel to the superficial vasculature. The blood-retinal barrier was initially composed of
naive endothelial cells, a basal membrane of non-uniform thickness, and multiple thick layers of glial cells terminal feet,
eventually it developed into a mature blood-retinal barrier composed of a smooth endothelial layer, even basal membrane, and
relatively thin terminal feet. Conclusion The maturation of rodent retinal vasculature is spatially and temporally is consistent
with the function performance of retinal photosensitivity. The mature blood-retinal barrier endows certain anti-infectious
immunity to the retina.
啮齿类 / 视网膜血管系统 / 免疫组织化学 / 透射电镜 / 明胶墨汁灌流 / 小鼠 / 大鼠
Rodent / Retina blood vasculature / Immunohistochemistry / Transmission electron microscopy / Gelatin-ink perfusion / Mouse / Rat
［1］Dorrell MI, Friedlander M. Mechanisms of endothelial cell guidance and vascular patterning in the developing mouse retina［J］. Prog Retin Eye Res，2006, 25(3): 277-295.
［2］Provis JM. Development of the primate retinal vasculature［J］. Prog Retin Eye Res，2001, 20(6): 799-821.
［3］Uemura A, Kusuhara S, Katsuta H, et al. Angiogenesis in the mouse retina: a model system for experimental manipulation［J］. Exp Cell Res， 2006, 312(5): 676-683.
［4］Frank RN. Diabetic retinopathy［J］. N Engl J Med， 2004, 350(1): 48-58.
［5］Fruttiger M, Calver AR, Kruger WH, et al. PDGF mediates a neuron-astrocyte interaction in the developing retina［J］. Neuron， 1996, 17(6): 1117-1131.
［6］Young R W. Cell differentiation in the retina of the mouse［J］. Anat Rec, 1985, 212(2): 199-205.
［7］Cepko CL, Austin CP, Yang X, et al. Cell fate determination in the vertebrate retina［J］. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1996, 93(2): 589-595.
［8］Rapaport DH, Wong LL, Wood ED, et al. Timing and topography of cell genesis in the rat retina［J］. J Comp Neurol,2004, 474(2): 304-324.
［9］Koehler CL, Akimov NP, Renteria RC. Receptive field center size decreases and firing properties mature in ON and OFF retinal ganglion cells after eye opening in the mouse［J］. J Neurophysiol, 2011, 106(2): 895-904.
［10］Risau W, Hallmann R, Albrecht U. Differentiation-dependent expression of proteins in brain endothelium during development of the blood-brain barrier［J］. Dev Biol, 1986, 117(2): 537-545.
［11］Bauer H, Sonnleitner U, Lametschwandtner A, et al. Ontogenic expression of the erythroid-type glucose transporter (Glut 1) in the telencephalon of the mouse: correlation to the tightening of the bloodbrain barrier［J］. Brain Res Dev Brain Res, 1995, 86(1-2): 317-325.
［12］Saunders NR, Knott GW, Dziegielewska KM. Barriers in the immature brain［J］. Cell Mol Neurobiol, 2000, 20(1): 29-40.
［13］Choi YK, Kim KW. Blood-neural barrier: its diversity and coordinated cell-to-cell communication［J］. BMB Rep, 2008, 41(5): 345-352.
［14］Arthur FE, Shivers RR, Bowman PD. Astrocyte-mediated induction of tight junctions in brain capillary endothelium: an efficientin vitro model［J］. Brain Res, 1987, 433(1): 155-159.
［15］Risau W. Induction of blood-brain barrier endothelial cell differentiation［J］. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1991, 633: 405-419.
［16］Vinores SA. Assessment of blood-retinal barrier integrity［J］. Histol Histopathol, 1995, 10(1): 141-154.
［17］West H, Richardson WD, Fruttiger M. Stabilization of the retinal vascular network by reciprocal feedback between blood vessels and astrocytes［J］. Development, 2005, 132(8): 1855-1862.
［18］Prat A, Biernacki K, Wosik K, et al. Glial cell influence on the human blood-brain barrier［J］. Glia, 2001, 36(2): 145-155.
［19］Provis JM, Leech J, Diaz CM, et al. Development of the human retinal vasculature: cellular relations and VEGF expression［J］. Exp Eye Res, 1997, 65(4): 555-568.
［20］Chan-Ling T, Stone J. Degeneration of astrocytes in feline retinopathy of prematurity causes failure of the blood-retinal barrier［J］. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 1992, 33(7): 2148-2159.
［21］Fruttiger M. Development of the mouse retinal vasculature: angiogenesis versus vasculogenesis［J］. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2002, 43(2): 522-527.
［22］Schnitzer J. Retinal astrocytes: their restriction to vascularized parts of the mammalian retina［J］. Neurosci Lett,1987, 78(1): 29-34.
［23］Schnitzer J. Astrocytes in the guinea pig, horse, and monkey retina: their occurrence coincides with the presence of blood vessels［J］. Glia,1988, 1(1): 74-89.
国家自然科学基金资助项目
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
