目的 探讨海洛因戒断、脱毒及复吸对大鼠肾上腺髓质细胞β-内啡肽（β-EP）和促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）表达及血清皮质醇（COR）的影响。方法 成年雄性SD大鼠63只，随机分为实验组（21只）、盐水对照组（21只）和正常对照组（21只），实验组又分为戒断组、脱毒组和复吸组，采用免疫组织化学、图像分析法及放射免疫测定法进行研究。结果 与正常及盐水对照组比较，海洛因戒断组β-EP免疫反应（β-EP-IR）细胞染色变浅，平均灰度值升高（P <0.05）；经美沙酮脱毒治疗，β-EP-IR细胞染色较正常及盐水对照组加深，平均灰度值降低（ P <0.05）；海洛因复吸组β-EP-IR细胞表达再次减弱，但与正常及盐水组比较，平均灰度值差异无显著性。与正常及盐水对照组比较，实验各组大鼠肾上腺髓质ACTH免疫反应（ACTH-IR）细胞染色均变浅，平均灰度值增高，有显著差异（P <0.05）。放射免疫测定结果表明，实验各组大鼠血清COR均显著高于正常对照组（P <0.05）。结论 海洛因戒断、脱毒、复吸影响了大鼠肾上腺髓质细胞表达β-EP、ACTH以及血清COR的分泌。

Objective  To explore the influence of heroin withdrawal, methadone detoxication and heroin relapse on expression of β-endorphin (β-EP), and adrenocorticotropic hormone( ACTH) in rat adrenal chromaffin cells, and the change of cortisal (COR) level in the serum. Methods Sixty-three adult male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group(NCG)，saline control group (SCG) and experiment groups(EG). The EG groups were further subdivided into heroin withdrawal group (HWG), methadone detoxication group(MDG) and heroin relapse group(HRG). Immunohistochemical SABC method, image analysis and radioimmunoassay technique were used．Results Compared with NCG and SCG，the mean grey value of β-EP-IR cells was increased in HWG. After the treatment of methadone, compared with NCG and SCG，the mean grey value of β-EP cells was lower in MDG.The mean gray value of β-EP cells in HRG was increased but there was no statistical significance when compared with NCG and SCG. Compared with NCG and SCG, the ACTH-IR cells expressed less in the EG groups. Immunohistochemical analysis showed higher grey value in EG rats than that in controls. Serum COR level in the EG groups were at a higher level than that in NCG and SCG (P <0.05). Conclusion Heroin withdrawal, methadone detoxication and heroin relapse have influenced the expression of β-EP and ACTH in adrenal chromaffin cells and the serum COR level in rats.