Objective To determine effects of blocking the thoracic duct on the liver tissues. Methods Thirty ten-month-old rabbits were selected and randomly divided into the model （20） and control group（10）. Animal model was established by ligating the thoracic duct at the crura of the diaphragm for six months. The liver tissues were embedded in paraffin, sectioned, stained with HE and observed under a light microscope (LM). Some tissues were prepared as the ultra\|sections and observed under a transmission electron microscope (TEM). Before and after the models had been established for 6 months, the blood was sampled from the femoral vein for examining the liver functions. Results There was a markedly increase in concentration of total bilirubin(TBil), direct bilirubin(DBil), ALT, AST and a decrease in enzyme activity of albumin ( EM>P /EM><0.05) in the model rabbit. Large lipids were found in the liver of the model group after establishing the animal models for six months. The structures of liver tissues was damaged, the focus, traps and hepatic lobule were present but the phony lobules were not found. TEM examination showed that in the model group lipid droplets in different sizes were seen in the cytoplasm, and were heaped together. Some lipid droplets extruded the nucleus; a large number of collagen fibers were seen between the liver cells. Conclusion The ligation of the thoracic duct can result in the change