广西金秀大瑶山瑶族中老年人体质特征

MO  Zai-mei1; JIANG  Yu-cong1; QIN  Tian-cheng1*; ZENG  Jing-hua2; LEI  Si1

doi:10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2026.04.012

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解剖学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (4) : 484-495. DOI: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2026.04.012

人类学

广西金秀大瑶山瑶族中老年人体质特征

莫再美¹蒋宇聪¹覃天成^1*曾婧华²雷思¹

作者信息 +

Physical characteristics of middle-aged and elderly Yao population in Jinxiu Dayao Mountains, Guangxi, China

MO Zai-mei¹, JIANG Yu-cong¹, QIN Tian-cheng^1*, ZENG Jing-hua², LEI Si¹

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文章历史 +

摘要

目的更新和补充广西瑶族体质特征数据，为研究瑶族族源提供数据支持。方法于2025年6~7月赴广西壮族自治区来宾市金秀瑶族自治县大瑶山，按照《人体测量方法》进行测量，纳入150例瑶族人（男性76人，女性74人）的31项体质指标，7项观察指标，并计算了14项体质指数。数据分析采用方差分析、u 检验、卡方检验、聚类分析和主成分分析。结果瑶族中年组中22项指标和1项指数在性别间差异具有显著性（P<0.05），老年组在22项指标和3项指数性别间差异显著（P<0.05）。瑶族中年和老年男性中7项指标和2项指数在年龄上差异具有显著性；中年和老年女性中13项指数和5项指数在年龄上差异显著。瑶族整体性别组在3项指数上的差异存在显著性。根据头面部和体部分型，瑶族男女性均以圆头型、正头型、阔头型、中鼻型、长躯干型、中腿型、宽胸型、窄肩型、矮身高为主，男性与女性在身高骨盆指数和形态面指数差异存在显著性，男性主要为中骨盆型、中面型，女性主要为宽骨盆型、狭面型。结论大瑶山瑶族具有南部类型的民族特征，从头面部和体部特征上看可能与广西苗族、广西侗族、贵州水族关系较为相近。

Abstract

Objective To update anthropometric records of the Guangxi Yao population, and provide novel data to inform investigations into the ethnic origin of this population. Methods From June to July 2025, the research team conducted a field investigation in Dayao Mountains, Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County, Laibin City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Following the anthropometric method, 31 physical indices and 7 observational indices were analyzed in 150 individuals of the Yao population (76 males and 74 females), and 14 physical indexes were calculated. Data analysis was conducted useing the analysis of variance, u-test, chi-square test, cluster analysis and principal component analysis. Results In the middle-aged Yao population, significant sex differences were detected in 22 indices and 1 index (P<0.05), while R32；Q984in the elderly Yao population, significant sex differences were observed in 22 indices and 3 indexes (P<0.05). In male Yao population, significant age differences were found in 7 indices and 2 indexes between the middle-aged and elderly groups; In female Yao population, significant age differences existed in 13 indices and 5 indexes between the middle-aged and elderly groups. In the overall Yao population, significant sex differences were noted in 3 indexes. According to cephalofacial and body classifications, both males and females in the Yao population were predominantly characterized by brachycephaly, orthocephaly, tapeinocephalic, mesorrhiny, long trunk, mesatiskelic type, wide chest, narrow shoulder, and low stature. Sex differences were observed in the stature-crista iliaca index and morphological facial index; males mainly presented medium crista iliaca and mesoprosopy, whereas females mainly exhibited wide crista iliaca and leptoprosopy. Conclusion The Yao population in Dayao mountain exhibits southern-type anthropological characteristics and may share closer affinity with the Guangxi Miao, Guangxi Dong, and Guizhou Shui populations based on head facial and body characteristics.

关键词

大瑶山 / 瑶族 / 体质特征 / 头面部特征 / 体质测量学 / 成人

Key words

Dayao mountain

/ Yao / Physical characteristics / Head and face feature / Physical measurement / Adult

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莫再美蒋宇聪覃天成曾婧华雷思. 广西金秀大瑶山瑶族中老年人体质特征[J]. 解剖学报. 2026, 57(4): 484-495 https://doi.org/10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2026.04.012

MO Zai-mei , JIANG Yu-cong , QIN Tian-cheng , ZENG Jing-hua , LEI Si.

Physical characteristics of middle-aged and elderly Yao population in Jinxiu Dayao Mountains, Guangxi, China

[J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica. 2026, 57(4): 484-495 https://doi.org/10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2026.04.012

中图分类号： R32 Q984

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