目的 应用荧光显微光学切片断层成像(fMOST)高分辨率3D重建系统，探讨其用于肠道神经系统形态学研究的可能性，建立该系统进行肠道神经系统形态学研究的方法。方法应用fMOST高分辨率3D重建系统对C57BL/6小鼠肠神经系统进行了详细的形态学研究，基于此方法探索单细胞水平的小动物模型内脏神经系统形态学研究方法。结果小鼠的小肠和大肠具有较为丰富的肠神经系统，但小鼠小肠的肠神经系统不同于大肠，缺乏典型的肌间（Auerbach）神经丛，黏膜深层（Henley）神经丛和黏膜下浅（Meissner）神经丛。结论为C57BL/6小鼠肠道神经系统的解剖结构提供了更加清晰的展示，更加明确了该动物模型的肠道神经系统与人类解剖结构的异同，为其在消化系统疾病研究中的合理应用提供了实验依据。基于fMOST高分辨率3D重建系统的形态学研究可以不局限于中枢神经系统，完全可以扩展到多个内脏神经系统的形态学研究中。

Objective To initially explore the possibility of applying the fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography (fMOST) high-resolution 3D reconstruction system to the morphological study of the intestinal nervous system and to preliminarily establish a method  for studying the morphology of the intestinal nervous system using this system.    Methods fMOST high-resolution 3D reconstruction system was used to study the intestinal nervous system of C57BL/6 mice in detail. Based on this method, a new morphological method  of the visceral nervous system of small animal models was explored at the single-cell level.   Results Compared with the large intestine, the small intestine lacked the typical myenteric plexus (Auerbach), deep mucosal plexus (Henley), and submucosal superficial plexus (Meissner).   Conclusion The result  of this paper provide a clearer and systematic display of the anatomical structure of the enteric nervous system in C57BL/6 mice, and further clarify the similarities and differences between the enteric nervous system of mice and human, and provide a theoretical basis for its rational application in the study of digestive system diseases. The morphological study of fMOST high-resolution 3D reconstruction system is not limited to the central nervous system, but can be extended to the morphological study of multiple visceral nervous systems.