目的 探讨鄂温克族、达斡尔族及蒙古族布里亚特部3个族群成人体成分特点以及肥胖状况。 方法 采用生物电阻抗法，对鄂温克族245例（男124，女121）、达斡尔族207例（男90，女117）、蒙古族布里亚特部181例（男74，女107）成人进行18项体成分测量。运用Excel 2016、SPSS 24.0统计学软件进行数据处理。结果 相关分析结果表明，3个族群男性、女性内脏脂肪等级与年龄成显著正相关（P＜0.01），身高、总肌肉量、推定骨量、躯干肌肉量均与年龄成显著负相关（P＜0.01）；鄂温克族男性体脂率、左上肢脂肪率、躯干脂肪率均与年龄成显著正相关（P<0.05或P＜0.01），女性体脂率、身体质量指数（BMI）、四肢脂肪率、躯干脂肪率均与年龄成显著正相关（P<0.05或P＜0.01）；达斡尔族男性体重、BMI、左上肢脂肪率、左上肢肌肉量、下肢脂肪率、肌肉量均与年龄成显著负相关（P<0.05或P＜0.01）；蒙古族布里亚特部男性体重、上肢肌肉量、左下肢肌肉量均与年龄成显著负相关（P<0.05或P＜0.01），女性躯干脂肪率与年龄成显著正相关（P<0.05）。族群间比较显示，鄂温克族与蒙古族布里亚特部多数体成分指标值最为接近，身体脂肪含量高于达斡尔族。BMI、体脂率、内脏脂肪等级均表现为蒙古族布里亚特部>鄂温克族>达斡尔族。聚类分析表明，鄂温克族、达斡尔族及蒙古族布里亚特部与北方族群距离较近，与南方族群较远。    结论 鄂温克族与蒙古族布里亚特部多数体成分指标值最为接近，3个族群均具有较为严重的肥胖问题。

Objective  To analyze the characteristics of adult body composition and obesity status of three ethnic groups: Ewenki, Daur and Mongolian Buryat. Methods   The bioelectrical impedance analysis（BIA）was used to measure 18 body composition components in three adults ethnic groups: 245 (male 124, female 121) Ewenki, 207 (male 90, female 117) Daur, and 181 (male 74, female 107) Mongolian Buryat . The data were processed using Excel 2016 and SPSS 24.0 statistical software. Results   The result  of correlation analysis showed that visceral fat level was significantly and positively correlated with age (P＜0.01). Stature, total body muscle mass, estimated bone mass and trunk muscle mass were all significantly and negatively correlated with age (P＜0.01) in males and females of the three ethnic groups. The percent body fat, percent left upper limb fat and percent trunk fat were positively correlated with age in Ewenki males (P<0.05 or P＜0.01) and the percent body fat, body mass index (BMI), percent limb fat and percent trunk fat were positively correlated with age in Ewenki females (P<0.05 orP>0.01). Body weight, BMI, percent left upper limb fat, left upper limb muscle mass, bilateral lower limb fat and muscle mass were all negatively correlated with age in Daur males (P<0.05 or P>0.01 ). Body weight, upper limb muscle mass and left lower limb muscle mass were negatively correlated with age (P<0.05 or P＜0.01) in Mongolian Buryat males and percent trunk fat was positively correlated with age (P<0.05) in Mongolian Buryat females. Comparison between ethnic groups showed that most of the body composition index values of the Ewenki and Mongolian Buryat divisions were closest to each other, and the body fat content was higher than that of the Daur. BMI, percent body fat and visceral fat level were all manifested in the Mongolian Buryat Department>Ewenki>Daur. Cluster analysis showed that Ewenki, Daur and Mongolian Buryat were closer to the northern groups and further from the southern groups.  Conclusion The Ewenki is most similar to the Mongolian Buryat in body composition characteristics all three ethnic groups has a more serious obesity problem.