目的  探讨地区差异对苗族体成分的影响。    方法  采用生物电阻抗法对贵州苗族357例成人（男162例，女195例）和湘西苗族471例成人（男210例，女261例）进行了17项体成分指标的测量，对所得数据进行体成分与年龄的相关分析、单因素方差分析及主成分分析。    结果  贵州苗族与湘西苗族男性的内脏脂肪等级、躯干脂肪率与年龄成正相关，总肌肉量、躯干肌肉量与年龄成负相关。两个地区苗族女性的内脏脂肪等级、躯干脂肪率与年龄成正相关，推定骨量、躯干肌肉量与年龄成负相关。贵州苗族与湘西苗族男性体重、肌肉量、推定骨量、水分率、内脏脂肪等级、四肢及躯干肌肉量等指标值均大于女性，体脂率、四肢及躯干脂肪量均小于女性。贵州苗族与湘西苗族男性、女性体脂率、四肢及躯干脂肪率均较为相近，总肌肉量、下肢及躯干肌肉量小于湘西苗族。    结论  贵州苗族与湘西苗族肌肉量有明显的地区差异。 

Objective  To explore the influence of regional differences on the body composition of the Miao nationality.     Methods  The bioelectrical impedance method  was used to measure 17 body composition indexes of 357 adults of Miao Nationality in Guizhou (162 males and 195 females) and 471 adults of Miao Nationality in Western Hu’nan (210 males and 261 females). The correlation analysis between body composition and age,  One Way ANOVA and principal component analysis were carried out.  Results  The visceral fat grade and trunk fat percentage of Miao men in Guizhou and Miao in Western Hu'nan were positively correlated with age, and total muscle mass and trunk muscle mass were negatively correlated with age. The visceral fat grade and trunk fat rate of Miao women in the two regions were positively correlated with age, and the presumed bone mass and trunk muscle mass were negatively correlated with age. The index values of weight, muscle mass, estimated bone mass, water content, visceral fat grade, limb and trunk muscle mass in Guizhou Miao and Miao men in Western Hu’nan were all larger than women, and the body fat rate, limb and trunk fat mass were all smaller than women. The body fat percentages, limbs and trunk fat percentages of Guizhou Miao men and women were similar to those of Xiangxi Miao, and the muscle mass, limbs and trunk muscle mass were less than that of Xiangxi Miao.   Conclusion  There are  obvious regional differences in muscle mass between the Miao nationality in Guizhou and the Miao nationality in Western Hu’nan.