目的 分析甘肃省中西部地区围绝经期和绝经后女性血清脂联素水平与身体组成之间的关系，探讨影响血清脂联素水平的因素。方法 采用生物电阻抗分析仪测量638例（围绝经期317例，绝经后321例）甘肃中西部女性体重、体质量指数（BMI）、腰臀比、脂肪量、体脂肪率、内脏脂肪含量和肌肉量；通过ELISA检测血清脂联素水平；采用Pearson相关分析和多元线性回归分析法探讨脂联素水平与身体成分之间的关系。  结果 甘肃省中西部地区绝经后女性体重、肌肉量均呈下降趋势；腰围、腰臀比、体脂肪率、内脏脂肪含量呈上升趋势；BMI、脂肪量、脂联素水平无明显差异。从总体来看，脂联素水平与体脂肪率、内脏脂肪量成正相关，与肌肉量成负相关，其中内脏脂肪量是脂联素水平的主要影响因素。  结论 甘肃中西部地区围绝经期和绝经后女性血清脂联素水平主要影响因素为内脏脂肪量。

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum adiponectin levels and body composition of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women in central and western Gansu province，and explore the influencing factors of adiponectin levels.  Methods The body weight, body mass index（BMI）,waist-to-hip, fat mass, percentage of body fat, visceral fat mass and muscle mass of 638 women（317 in perimenopausal period and 321 in postmenopausal period）in central and western Gansu were measured by bioelectrical impedance analyzer. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）was used to measure serum adiponectin levels. Pearson correlation analysis and multiple liner regression were used to investigate the relationship between adiponectin levels and body composition.   Results The body muscle mass of women living in central and western Gansu province showed a downward trend after menopause period compared to those who were in perimenopause. The waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, percentage of body fat, visceral fat mass of postmenopauseal women showed an increasing trend compared to perimenopausal. There were no significant differences in BMI, fat mass and serum adiponectin levels. Overall, serum adiponectin levels were positively correlated with body fat percentage and visceral fat mass, and negatively correlated with muscle mass, and the main influencing factors of serum adiponectin levels were visceral fat mass.  Conclusion The main influencing factors of serum adiponectin levels in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women living in central and western Gansu province are the visceral fat mass.