目的 探讨超数排卵（超排）是否通过改变小鼠子宫内环境影响小鼠妊娠建立过程。  方法 对比超排小鼠和自然交配小鼠着床妊娠情况，建立超排移植小鼠研究模型，在0.5d将超排小鼠一侧输卵管结扎，2.5d通过手术法向结扎侧子宫角移植正常囊胚，比较两侧子宫角的妊娠着床情况。通过组织切片和高通量测序方法对比超排假孕小鼠和正常假孕小鼠着床前子宫的差异，并进行生物学分析。  结果 与正常小鼠相比，超排小鼠的妊娠率显著下降，超排组妊娠个体的平均着床数高于对照组。超排移植小鼠的对照侧与移植侧子宫角妊娠率之间差异不显著。超排假孕小鼠子宫内膜变薄，腺体数量减少。超排假孕和正常假孕小鼠着床前子宫的基因表达模式存在差异，显著差异基因1097个，其中上调基因752个，下调基因345个。生物信息学分析显示，差异基因在生物学过程中主要参与蜕膜化、对孕激素的反应、血管生成的正向调节等过程，主要富集在FoxO信号通路、细胞周期信号通路和类固醇生物合成信号通路上。  结论 超数排卵处理影响了小鼠妊娠的建立，改变了小鼠着床前子宫容受性相关标志基因的表达。

Objective To explore whether superovulation impairs the process of pregnancy establishment in mice by changing the intrauterine environment.   Methods The implantation and pregnancy of superovulated and normal mice were compared. The superovulated mice were subjected to unilateral tubal ligation on day 0.5 and blastocysts were transplanted to the other uterine horn on day 2.5. The number of implantation sites of bilateral uterine horn was compared. The differences between preimplantation uteri of superovulated and normal pseudopregnancy mice were compared by tissue sections and high-throughput sequencing.Bioinformatics analysis was performed on the differentially expressed genes in two groups.   Results Compared with the control group, the pregnancy rate of mice in the superovulation group decreased significantly. The number of implantation sites in the superovulation group was higher than the control. There was no significant difference in the pregnancy rate of the uterine horn between the control side and the transplanted side of the superovulated mice. The endometrium was thinned and the number of glands was reduced in superovulated pseudopregnancy mice. The gene expression patterns of preimplantation uterus in superovulation pseudopregnancy and normal pseudopregnancy mice were different. There were 1097 significantly differentially expressed genes, including 752 up-regulated genes and 345 down-regulated genes. Bioinformatics analysis showed that differentially expressed genes are mainly involved in biological processes, such as decidualization, response to progesterone, positive regulation of angiogenesis. They were mainly enriched in FoxO signaling pathway, cell cycle pathway and steroid   biosynthesis pathway.   Conclusion Superovulation impaired the process of establishing pregnancy and altered the gene expression patterns of biomarker of uterine receptivity in mice.