目的 获得阿克陶县塔吉克族成人的头面部体质人类学特征，并通过与其他人群的聚类分析探讨其族源问题。  方法 按照《人体测量方法》对新疆阿克陶县286名塔吉克族成人（男121人，女165人）的12项头面部形态观察指标、19项头面部测量指标、12项头面部指数及其分型进行调查分析。  结果 阿克陶县塔吉克族成人头长、头宽、头高、额最小宽、面宽、下颌角间宽、鼻宽、口裂宽、耳上头高、容貌面高、形态面高、鼻长、鼻高、容貌耳长、容貌耳宽、颧部突出度、鼻根高度、鼻背侧面观、鼻基底方向等指标具有性别间差异（P<0.05）；阿克陶县与塔什库尔干县塔吉克族相比：颧部突出度、眼裂倾斜度、鼻根高度、鼻基底方向、鼻孔最大径、耳垂分型、头宽高指数分型、形态面指数分型、鼻指数分型等头面部类型指标存在地区间差异（P<0.05）；聚类分析结果显示塔吉克族具有独特的头面部特征，单独聚为一类，并与伊朗人较相似。  结论 阿克陶县塔吉克族具有欧罗巴人种的头面部特征，阿克陶县塔吉克族与塔什库尔干县塔吉克族的头面部特征有一定差异，从头面部特征看可能与东伊朗部族人群具有亲缘关系。

Objective  To obtain the physical anthropological characteristics of head and face of Tajik adults in Aketao, and to explore their ethnic origin through cluster analysis with other populations.   Methods  According to Anthropometric Method, 286 Tajik adults （male 121, female 165）in Aketao, Xinjiang were recruited and analyzed. The survey included 12 observation indicators of head and face, 19 measuring indicators of head and face, 12 indexes of head and face and its classification.   Results  The indicators of head length, head breadth, head height, minimum frontal breadth, face breadth, bigonial breadth, nose breadth, mouth breadth, auricular height, physiognomic facial height, morphological facial height, nasal length, nasal height, physiognomic ear length, physiognomic ear breadth, zygomatic protection, nasal root height, nasal profile, nasal base of Tajik adults in Aketao had gender differences（P<0.05）. Compared with the Tajik adults in Aketao and Taxkorgan, the type indicators of head and face of zygomatic protection, direction of eyeslits, nasal root height, nasal base, maximal diameter of nostrils, lobe types, nreadth-height index of head type, morphological facial index type, nasal index type had regional differences（P<0.05）. The cluster analysis showed that Tajik adults have unique characteristics of head and face, which were grouped separately and were more similar to Iranians.   Conclusion  Tajik adults in Aketao have the characteristics of head and face of the West Eurasian. The characteristics of head and face of Tajik adults in Aketao and Taxkorgan are somewhat different. From characteristics of head and face, they may be related to the Eastern Iranian tribe.