目的 通过观察不同剂量汉黄芩苷对大鼠脊髓损伤后介导的炎症反应的干预情况，探讨汉黄芩苷对脊髓损伤的影响。  方法 建立大鼠脊髓横断损伤模型（n=95），随机分成5组：正常组（N）、生理盐水组（NS）、汉黄芩苷低剂量组（WG12.5）、汉黄芩苷中剂量组（WG25）及汉黄芩苷高剂量组（WG50）。采用ELISA检测炎性因子肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）及白细胞介素1（IL-1）的表达水平；静态脚印分析脚趾扩张（TS）和中间脚趾扩张（ITS）的变化；HE染色观察脊髓损伤大鼠组织学情况；尼氏染色观察脊髓损伤大鼠神经元数目变化；透射电子显微镜观察轴突形态及再生现象；劳克坚牢蓝（LFB）髓鞘染色观察脱髓鞘现象；免疫组织化学观察胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）和神经生长相关蛋白43（GAP43）的表达变化。  结果 NS组与N组相比,TNF-α及IL-1表达明显升高（P＜0.01），TS和ITS明显减少（P＜0.01），脊髓形态显著异常，神经元严重丢失，髓鞘形态异常，髓鞘严重脱色（P＜0.01），GFAP表达明显增多，GAP43表达稍有增加；WG组与NS组相比，TNF-α和IL-1表达明显降低（P＜0.01），TS和ITS增加（P＜0.01）， 脊髓形态有所恢复，神经元丢失减少，髓鞘形态趋于正常且有新生轴突出现，髓鞘脱色减少（P＜0.01），GFAP表达明显减少，GAP43表达明显增多，且呈现剂量依赖性。  结论 汉黄芩苷能改善脊髓损伤局部微环境，减少胶质瘢痕形成，促进轴突再生，减少局部神经元丢失、空洞形成等，进而促进脊髓损伤的修复。

Objective To assess the effect of wogonoside on the inflammation after rat spinal cord injury.   Methods Rats (n=95) were subjected to dorsal spinal cord transection at T9-10 vertebra. The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal group (N), normal saline group (NS), low-dose wogonoside group (WG12.5), medium-dose wogonoside group (WG25) and high-dose wogonoside group (WG50). The expression levels of inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) were detected by ELISA. The levels of toe spreading (TS) and intermediate toe spreading (ITS) were evaluated with static footprint analysis. HE staining was performed to observe the histology of spinal cord injury rats. The number of neurons in rats with spinal cord injury was observed by Nissl staining, the morphology and regeneration of axons by transmission electron microscope, the demyelination by myelin sheath staining, and the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and nerve growth associated protein 43 (GAP43) by immunohistochemistry.   Results Compared with the N group, NS group showed higher expression of TNF-α and IL-1（P＜0.01）, higher levels of TS and ITS（P＜0.01）, abnormal morphology of spinal cord, severer loss of neurons, abnormal myelin sheath morphology, more serious decolorization of myelin sheath（P＜0.01）, significantly increased GFAP expression, slightly increased GAP43 expression. The WG group showed decreased expression of TNF-α and IL-1（P＜0.01）, lower levels of TS and ITS（P＜0.01）, restored morphology of spinal cord, inhibited neuron loss, restored myelin sheath morphology and new neural axis, reduced decolorization of myelin sheath（P＜0.01）, decreased expression of GFAP, and increased expression of GAP43. All these reversed results were dose-dependent.   Conclusion Wogonoside can improve the local microenvironment of spinal cord injury, reduce the formation of glial scar, promote axon regeneration, inhibit local neuron loss and cavity formation, all contributing to the repair of spinal cord injury.