汉族人群肢体测量表型的地区差异

吴佳姿; 孙畅; 文少卿; 谭婧泽

doi:10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2021.05.020

PDF(4570 KB)

解剖学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (5) : 803-811. DOI: 10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2021.05.020

人类学

汉族人群肢体测量表型的地区差异

吴佳姿孙畅文少卿谭婧泽*

作者信息 +

Regional differences of anthropometric traits in Han population

WU Jia-zi SUN Chang WEN Sha-qing TAN Jing-ze*

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的探讨汉族人群肢体测量表型的地区差异。方法于2015～2019年采集广西南宁、河南郑州和江苏泰州3个地区汉族成人样本的31项肢体测量表型，对各项表型进行性别差异分析、年龄与表型间相关性分析及地区间差异分析，并基于肢体表型个体数据的主成分分析，提取出具有显著地区差异的肢体表型，用于精细刻画3个地区汉族人群的体质特征。结果 3个汉族人群的绝大多数肢体表型在性别和地区间差异均存在统计学意义，年龄与部分表型之间存在正或负相关关系。基于个体数据的主成分分析显示，汉族人群在肢体测量表型上存在明显的地区差异，广西汉族（长江以南）与河南汉族（淮河以北）、江苏汉族有较大差异，河南汉族和江苏汉族的差异相对较小，而江苏汉族在部分肢体表型上又有其自身的特点，能与河南汉族明显区分开。结论汉族人群肢体测量表型存在明显的地区差异，长江可能是现代南北人群交流的最大地理屏障。

Abstract

Objective To explore the regional differences of body anthropometric traits in the Han population. Methods From 2015 to 2019, thirty-one body anthropometric traits of three Han ethnic groups were measured from Nanning (Guangxi), Zhengzhou (He’nan), and Taizhou (Jiangsu). The gender and regional difference analysis of each trait, and the correlation analysis between age and traits were carried out. Based on the principal component analysis of individual data of body phenotypic traits, the traits with significant regional difference were extracted to finely describe the physical characteristics of the Han peoplpe in the three regions. Results Most of the anthropometric traits of the three Han populations were statistically different in gender and region, and there was a positive or negative correlation between certain traits and age. The result of principal component analysis based on individual data showed that there were obvious regional differences in body anthropometric traits of the Han people. The difference between the Han Chinese in Guangxi (south of the Yangtze River) with He’nan (north of the Huaihe River) and Jiangsu was relatively large, and difference was relatively small between He’nan and Jiangsu Han Chinese. Meanwhile the Han Chinese in Jiangsu had its own characteristics in part of the phenotypic traits, which could be distinguished from the Han Chinese in He’nan. Conclusion The research on the body anthropometric traits confirmed that there were significant regional differences in Han population, and suggested that the Yangtze River might be the largest geographic barrier for the population migration and genetic exchange between the north and south population.

导出引用

吴佳姿孙畅文少卿谭婧泽. 汉族人群肢体测量表型的地区差异[J]. 解剖学报. 2021, 52(5): 803-811 https://doi.org/10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2021.05.020

WU Jia-zi SUN Chang WEN Sha-qing TAN Jing-ze. Regional differences of anthropometric traits in Han population[J]. Acta Anatomica Sinica. 2021, 52(5): 803-811 https://doi.org/10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2021.05.020

中图分类号： Q984

参考文献

［1］ Zhang ZhB. An analysis of the physicalcharateristics of modern Chinese［J］. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 1988, 7 (4): 314-323. (in Chinese)

张振标. 现代中国人体质特征及其类型的分析［J］. 人类学学报, 1988, 7(4): 314-323.

［2］ Li YL, Yu KL, Lu ShH, et al. Craniofacial characteristics of the Han ethnic groups in south China［J］. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2014, 33(1): 101-108. (in Chinese)

李咏兰, 宇克莉, 陆舜华, 等. 中国南方汉族群体的头面部特征［J］. 人类学学报, 2014, 33(1): 101-108.

［3］ Yu KL, Zheng LB, Li YL, et al. Differences of head-face morphological traits between southern and northern Chinese Han［J］. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2016, 47(3): 404-408. (in Chinese)

宇克莉, 郑连斌, 李咏兰, 等. 中国北方、南方汉族头面部形态学特征的差异［J］. 解剖学报, 2016, 47(3): 404-408.

［4］ Zheng LB, Li YL, Xi HJ. Physical Anthropology on Han Chinese［M］. Beijing: Science Press, 2017: 1-192. (in Chinese)

郑连斌, 李咏兰, 席焕久. 中国汉族体质人类学研究［M］. 北京: 科学出版社, 2017: 1-192.

［5］ Yin X, Wei PP, Sun Ch, et al. South and north differences of Han Chinese revealed by head-face metrical features based on individual data［J］. Chinese Journal of Anatomy, 2020, 43(4): 313-321. (in Chinese)

殷杏, 魏偏偏, 孙畅, 等. 个体数据分析揭示汉族头面部测量特征的南北差异［J］. 解剖学杂志, 2020, 43(4): 313-321.

［6］ Li ZJ, Wei PP, Sun Ch, et al. Regional differences of nasal discrete traits in Han Chinese［J］. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2020, 51(4): 605-612. (in Chinese)

李紫君, 魏偏偏, 孙畅, 等. 汉族鼻部观察类形态特征的地区性差异［J］. 解剖学报, 2020, 51(4): 605-612.

［7］ Su B, Xiao J, Underhill P, et al. Y-Chromosome evidence for a northward migration of modern humans into Eastern Asia during the last Ice Age［J］. Am J Hum Genet, 1999, 65(6): 1718-1724.

［8］ Yao Y, Kong Q, Bandelt H, et al. Phylogeographic differentiation of mitochondrial DNA in Han Chinese［J］. Am J Hum Genet, 2002, 70(3): 635-651.

［9］ Wen B, Li H, Lu D, et al. Genetic evidence supports demic diffusion of Han culture［J］. Nature, 2004, 431(7006): 302-305.

［10］ Xu S, Yin X, Li S, et al. Genomic dissection of population substructure of Han Chinese and its implication in association studies［J］. Am J Hum Genet, 2009, 85(6): 762-774.

［11］ Northagal M, Fan G, Guo F, et al. Revisiting the male genetic landscape of China: a multi-center study of almost 38,000 Y-STR haplotypes［J］. Hum Genet, 2017, 136(5): 485-497.

［12］ Zhang H, Chen Y, Jin L, et al. Dermatoglyphics from All Chinese Ethnic Groups Reveal Geographic Patterning［J］. PLoS One, 2010, 5(1): e8783.

［13］ Du BP, Du J. Analysis of physique types and their causes of modern Chinese population by head-to-face measurements［J］. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2019, 50(6): 805-815. (in Chinese)

杜抱朴, 杜靖. 从头面部测量性状分析中国现代人群体质类型及其成因［J］. 解剖学报, 2019, 50(6): 805-815.

［14］ Yin X. Study of the head and face measurements differences between Southern Han and Northern Han in China［D］. Shanghai:Fudan University, 2020: 78-88. (in Chinese)

殷杏. 中国汉族头面部测量特征的南北差异性研究［D］. 上海：复旦大学, 2020: 78-88.

［15］ Li ZJ. Head and face discrete traits reveal the diversity of Han Chinese［D］. Shanghai:Fudan University, 2020: 57-61. (in Chinese)

李紫君. 头面部观察类形态特征揭示现代汉族的多样性［D］. 上海：复旦大学, 2020: 57-61.

［16］ Lee TD, Zhao TM, Mickey R, et al. The polymorphism of HLA antigens in the Chinese［J］. Tissue Antigens, 1988, 32(4): 18-208.

［17］ Zhao TM, Lee TD. Gm and Km allotypes in 74 Chinese populations: a hypothesis of the origin of the Chinese nation［J］. Hum Genet, 1989, 83(2): 101-110.

［18］ Xiao CJ, Cavalli-Sforza LL, Minch E, et al. Principal component analysis of gene frequencies of Chinese populations［J］. Sci Chi, 2000, 43(5):472-482.

［19］ Xue F, Wang Y, Xu S, et al. A spatial analysis of genetic structure of human populations in China reveals distinct difference between maternal and paternal lineages［J］. Eur J Hum Genet, 2008, 16(6): 705-717.

［20］ Yang M, Fan X, Sun B, et al. Ancient DNA indicates human population shifts and admixture in northern and southern China［J］. Science, 2020, 369(6501): 282-288.

［21］ Xi HJ, Chen Zh. Anthropometric Methods［M］. Beijing: Science Press, 2010: 156-183. (in Chinese)

席焕久, 陈昭. 人体测量方法［M］. 北京: 科学出版社, 2010: 156-183.

［22］ Shao XQ. Anthropometric Manual［M］. Shanghai: Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House, 1985: 225-265. (in Chinese)

邵象清. 人体测量手册［M］. 上海: 上海辞书出版社, 1985: 225-265.

［23］ Zhang ZhB, Wang LH, Ouyang L. Physical patterns of neolithic skulls in China in view of cluster analysis［J］. Vertebrata Palasiatica, 1982, 24(1): 72-80. (in Chinese)

张振标, 王令红, 欧阳莲. 中国新石器时代居民体征类型初探［J］. 古脊椎动物与古人类, 1982, 24(1): 72-80.

［24］ Zhang ZhB. On the geographical distribution of the physical feature of the neolithic population in China［J］. Vertebrata Palasiatica, 1981, 19(1): 87-97. (in Chinese)

张振标. 我国新石器时代居民体型特征分化趋向［J］. 古脊椎动物与古人类, 1981, 19(1): 87-97.

［25］ Pan QF, Han KX. On the phylogenetic distribution of Neolithic inhabitants in China［J］. Archaeology and Cultural Relics, 1980, 19(2): 84-90. (in Chinese)

潘其风，韩康信. 我国新石器时代居民种系分布研究［J］. 考古与文物, 1980, 19(2): 84-90.

［26］ Zhu H. Physical Anthropology［M］. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2004: 346-368. (in Chinese)

朱泓. 体质人类学［M］. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2004:346-368.

［27］ Zhao DY. The origin and formation of the Han population- a new perspective from physical anthropology［D］. Changchun: Jilin University, 2016: 21-131. (in Chinese)

赵东月. 汉民族的起源与形成——体质人类学的新视角［D］. 长春：吉林大学, 2016：21-131.