目的  探讨新疆锡伯族和哈萨克族人群血清生化指标随年龄及性别的变化规律及其差异，为相关疾病的预防提供依据。  方法  随机选择新疆维吾尔自治区某医院正常体检的新疆锡伯族和哈萨克族健康成人511人，其中新疆锡伯族252人，哈萨克族259人。使用美国Beckman生产的CX-7自动生化分析仪对血清生化指标进行检测，采用方差分析、t 检验、相关性分析和 χ2 检验进行统计学分析。 结果  新疆锡伯族和哈萨克族血清生化指标男性和女性谷丙转氨酶（GPT）、直接胆红素（DBil）、肌酐（Cre）、尿素(Ure)、尿酸(UA)、血糖(Glu)、总胆红素（TBil）、胱抑素C(Cys-C)均随年龄增长而增加，同性别各年龄组间差异均有统计学意义（Ｐ<0.05），同年龄段男性高于女性（Ｐ<0.05）；高密度脂蛋白（HDL）随年龄增长逐渐降低，低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)随年龄增长逐渐增高，同性别各年龄段之间差异有统计学意义（Ｐ<0.05）；TG、TC 和 LDL 在50岁以前各年龄组女性低于男性，HDL 女性高于男性（Ｐ<0.05），50岁以后无差异（Ｐ>0.05）。同性别同年龄段新疆锡伯族和哈萨克族的Glu、TG、TC、LDL和 HDL 差异有统计学意义（Ｐ<0.05）。  结论  不同年龄、不同性别新疆锡伯族和哈萨克族血清生化指标有差异；新疆锡伯族Glu、血脂水平与哈萨克族存在差异。

Objective  To analyze the changes of serum biochemical indexes with age and gender in Xinjiang Uygur and Kazak populations, and to compare the differences of serum biochemical indexes between Xinjiang Uygur and Kazak populations in gender and age.   Methods  Totally 511 Xinjiang Uygur and Kazak healthy adults were randomly selected from a hospital in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region for normal physical examination, including 252 and 259 Xinjiang Uygur and Kazak healthy adults. Serum biochemical indexes were detected by CX-7 automatic biochemical analyzer produced by Beckman, USA, and statistical analysis was conducted by variance analysis, t test, correlation analysis and chi-square test.   Results  Xinjiang Uygur nationality and Kazak serum biochemical indexes for the male and the female, including glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(GPT), direct bilirubin (DBil), uric acid(UA), creatinine(Cre) and urea(Ure), glucose (Glu), total bilirubin（TBil）, cystatin C(Cys-C) increased with the growth of the age, and sex between different age groups were statistically significant (P<0.05), the men than women with age (P<0.05); High-density lipoprotein (HDL) decreased gradually with age, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride and total cholesterol increased gradually with age, with statistical differences among different age groups (P<0.05). Triglycerides(TG), total cholesterol (TC) and LDL were lower in females than in males in all age groups before the age of 50, and HDL was higher in females than in males (P<0.05), and there was no difference after the age of 50 (P>0.05). There were statistically significant differences in Glu, TG, TC, LDL and HDL between Xinjiang Uygur and Kazak people of the same  ender and age group (P<0.05).   Conclusion  The serum biochemical indexes of Uygur and Kazak in Xinjiang are different in different ages and genders. The Glu and lipid levels of Uygur nationality in Xinjiang are different from those of Kazak nationality.