目的 探讨甲状腺功能异常对体成分的影响。 方法 筛选出病程小于5年患有甲状腺功能异常疾病，经过医嘱规范用药且临床症状控制较好的甲状腺功能亢进（简称甲亢）患者185例（男72，女113），甲状腺功能减退（简称（甲减）患者154例（男33，女121）及健康对照组344例（男92，女252），应用生物电阻抗法分别测定其身体成分，分析四肢、躯干和全身的脂肪、骨骼肌含量的差异。 结果 在男性，甲亢组躯干肌肉量显著低于对照组（P＜0.01），其他各组肌肉量差异均无统计学意义，3组间的脂肪量差异均无显著性；在女性，甲减组与甲亢组和对照组相比，除双下肢肌肉量外，其余各部位肌肉量均显著高于甲亢组和对照组（P<0.05），而甲亢组与对照组相比各部位肌肉量差异均无显著性。甲减组与甲亢组和对照组相比，除双下肢脂肪量外，其余各部位脂肪量均显著高于健康对照组和甲亢组（P＜0.05），而健康对照组与甲亢组相比各部位脂肪量差异均无显著性。 结论 甲亢可致男性患者体成分中的躯干肌肉量减少；甲减可致女性患者体成分中的肌肉量、脂肪量增加。

Objective To understand the effect of abnormal thyroid function on body composition. Methods Selected course was less than 5 years with thyroid dysfunction disease, after the doctor’s standard advice for medicine and good clinical symptom control, 185 patients with hyperthyroidism (male 72, female 113), 154 patients with hypothro idism (33 male, 121 female) and healthy control group 344 cases (male 92, female 252) were included, the application of biological resistance was used respectively measuring body composition, analysis of limbs, trunk and body fat, the differences between the content of skeletal muscle.
Results In men, the muscle mass in the hyperthyroidism group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in muscle mass in other groups, and no significant difference in fat mass between the three groups. In women, the muscle mass in all parts except the lower limbs in the hypothroidism group was significantly higher than that in the hyperthyroidism group and the control group (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in muscle mass between the hyperthyroidism group and the control group. The fat content of all parts except the lower limbs in the hypothyroidism group was significantly higher than that of the healthy control group and the hyperthyroidism group (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the fat content of all parts between the healthy control group and the hyperthyroidism group. Conclusion Hyperthyroidism can lead to decrease muscle mass in the trunk of male patients. Hypothyroidism can increase the amount of muscle and fat in the body composition of female patients.