目的 探讨蒙古族13个族群的身体密度，揭示蒙古族身体密度性别间、族群间差异，探讨身体密度与经度、纬度、年平均温度、年龄的相关性。 方法 测量肱三头肌皮褶、肩胛下皮褶厚度。按照日本长岭晋吉公式计算蒙古族13个族群的身体密度。 结果 蒙古族13个族群中，云南蒙古族身体密度值最大，额济纳土尔扈特部身体密度值最小。蒙古族身体密度族群间、性别间、年龄组间、4个地区间的差异均具有统计学意义。蒙古族男性女性身体密度均与经度、年龄成显著负相关。 结论 南方蒙古族身体密度值大于北方蒙古族，西部蒙古族身体密度大于东部蒙古族。

Objective To study the body density of thirteen Mongolian groups, to compare their gender and ethnic differences, and to investigate the correlation between the body density and longitude, latitude, annual average temperature and age. Methods The triceps skinfold and the subscapular skinfold were measured. Jinji, Changling formula was used to calculate the body density of thirteen Mongolian groups. Results In the thirteen Mongolian groups, the body density of Yunnan Mongolian was the largest, and that of Ejina Torghut Mongolian was the least. The differences of the Mongolian body density among ethnic groups, gender, age groups and 4 regions were statistically significant. The body density of Mongolian had a significant negative correlation with longitude and age. Conclusion The body density of the southern Mongolian is greater than that of the northern Mongolian, and the body density of the western Mongolian is greater than that of the eastern Mongolian.