目的 探讨空气对小鼠子宫内膜蜕膜化的诱导作用，建立非手术法小鼠子宫内膜蜕膜化诱导技术。 方法 利用小鼠非手术法胚胎移植器，通过子宫颈向30只假孕3.5 d小鼠单侧子宫角移植2 μl空气，诱导子宫内膜蜕膜化，观察蜕膜化子宫形态并测量其直径和重量，HE染色观察细胞形态，RT-PCR检测蜕膜化相关标记基因表达。 结果 移植空气诱导25只假孕小鼠出现不同程度的蜕膜化现象。与对照侧子宫角相比，空气移植侧子宫角明显肿大、增粗、增重，子宫内膜毛细血管通透性增加，蜕膜化标记基因环氧化物水解酶-2（COX-2）、泌乳素（Prl）3c1、Prl8a2等高表达，且细胞出现多核现象。 结论 利用非手术法子宫内移植空气可以高效诱导小鼠子宫内膜蜕膜化。

Objective To establish a nonsurgical induced decidualization technique in mice, and to explore the air-induced decidua in this study. Methods Clean air (2 μl) was transferred into unilateral uterine horn of 30 pseudopregnant 3.5 days mice by a non-surgical transfer method. The morphology, weight, diameter, cellular differentiation, and decidua-related marker genes in airinduced decidua were detected. Results After air transfer four days, twenty-five pseudopregnant mice displayed different degree of decidualization phenomenon. Compared to the control side uterine horn, air-transferred uterine horns appeared significantly dilation and overweight with increased diameter. The permeability of uterine endometria was extensively spread along the whole horns. Three decidualization-realated marker genes ［cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2),prolactin(Prl)3c1 and Prl8a2］ had a higher expression level. In addition, polykaryocytes was observed in air-induced decidua. Conclusion Mouse uterine endometrial decidualization can be effectively induced by a non-surgical air transfer method .