目的 对中国乡村汉族男性体部指标进行多元分析，探讨不同地区汉族体部指标的差异。 方法 采用活体测量学方法，于2009～2013年在中国36个调查地区（15个北方地区，21个南方地区）测量了8174名乡村汉族男性成年人的9项体部体质指标，并对36个族群的指标均数进行了聚类分析和主成分分析（PCA）。 结果 聚类分析结果表明，北方汉族与南方汉族体部特征存在较大的差异。PCA结果发现，绝大多数北方族群的主成分（PC）Ⅰ值较大，即身高、体重、足长、坐高、臀围值较大，而多数南方族群的相应值较小。南方、北方族群的肩宽值大小彼此交错，表明肩宽值大小不是区分南方和北方族群的标志。 结论 遗传因素对体部特征的形成有重要影响，环境因素、经济发展水平对体部发育也有着重要的作用。

Objective To analyse body indices of Han male in China，and to explore the differences of Han body indexes in different areas. Methods Nine physical indexes of 8174 males in rural areas were measured in 36 survey areas (15 northern regions and 21 southern regions) from 2009 to 2013. Indexes of 36 ethnic groups were analyzed with cluster analysis and principal component analysis(PCA). Results Cluster analysis showed that there were significant differences in body characteristics between northern Han and southern Han. The result of PCA showed that most of the northern populations had higher principal component(PCI) values, such as height, body weight, foot length, sitting height and hip circumference than that of the southern populations. The shoulder widths of the northern and southern populations were staggered, indicating that the size of the shoulder width is not a sign of discrimination between the southern and northern populations. Conclusion Genetic factors on the formation of body characteristics have an important impact on the environmental factors, and the economic development level of body development also has an important role.