目的 探究Tbr1基因在大脑新皮质与海马发育过程中的功能。 方法 分别取胚胎165d、185d，出生后0d、3d、7d、14d昆明小鼠的脑组织，每个年龄点取材8～10 (共52) 只，常规固定脱水后石蜡切片，用免疫荧光检测小鼠大脑皮质、海马及齿状回神经细胞迁移与片层化发育过程中Tbr1的表达与分布情况。结果 1.在大脑皮质，Tbr1最早在皮质板广泛表达，随日龄的增加其表达逐渐向皮质板下层移动且最终定位于皮质的第Ⅵ层；2.相似地，齿状回处Tbr1在颗粒细胞层表达，P7之后其表达定位于颗粒细胞下层；3.根据其表达位置及组织发生规律，推测Tbr1阳性细胞即是皮质板内迁移中的新生神经元。 结论 Tbr1是影响小鼠大脑皮质发育及神经细胞迁移与分化的关键分子。作为新生神经元的标记物，Tbr1参与细胞分化与迁移以及大脑皮质片层化的形成过程。

Objective To investigate the Tbr1’s role during the development of neocortex and hippocampus. Methods The brains of Kunming mice from embryonic day 16.5 (E16.5) to postnatal day 14(P14) were used for immunofluorescent staining to visualize the expression of Tbr1 in neocortex, entorhinal cortex and hippocampus. Fifty-two mice (8-10 mice in each age group) were used for this study. Results 1. Tbr1’s expression was mainly located in cortical plate of neocortex and entorhinal cortex, especially in the cortical subplate or layer Ⅵ of cortices above; 2. In the dentate gyrus, Tbr1 positive cells were located in the granular layer, and were found innergranular layer after P7; 3. According to their location and histogenesis, the Tbr1 positive cells were the migrating and newborn neurons in the cortical plate. Conclusion Tbr1 plays a key role in cell migration and neural differentiation during cerebral development. As a marker of newborn neuron, Tbr1 is involved in the cortical lamination and affects the processes of cell migration and neural differentiation.