目的 分析甘肃裕固族成人骨强度和体成分随年龄变化特征并探讨骨强度与体成分的相关性。 方法 2015年7月至2016年8月选取甘肃省肃南裕固族自治县成人725例（男性354例，女性371例），年龄20～86岁，采用超声骨密度仪和生物电阻抗分析仪，分别测量跟骨骨强度及体成分指标。 结果 甘肃裕固族成年男性骨强度在20～29岁低于女性（P<0.05），50岁后高于女性（P<0.01）；男性各年龄段的肌肉量均高于女性（P<0.01）；各年龄段的总脂肪量、皮下脂肪含量均低于女性（P<0.01）；内脏脂肪含量仅在20～29岁及70岁后低于女性（P<0.01）。男女骨强度分别在30～39岁和20～29岁达峰值、50～59岁和40～49岁开始较前出现差异（P<0.05），男性在70岁后和女性在50岁后骨强度低于之前各年龄组（P<0.01）。男性躯干及四肢肌肉量均在40～49岁及60～69岁呈现双峰，女性躯干及四肢肌肉量均在40～49岁达峰值。甘肃裕固族成年身体各部位的脂肪含量变化同步，男女性分别在60～69岁和50～59岁达峰值。多元线性逐步回归分析显示，骨强度与四肢肌肉量和皮下脂肪量正相关（P<0.01），与内脏脂肪量负相关（P<0.01）。 结论 随年龄增长，甘肃裕固族成人身体各部位的同种体成分呈同步变化，女性骨强度较男性下降时间早且速度快。裕固族成人骨强度由肌肉和脂肪共同决定且与其分布部位有关。裕固族70岁以上男性及50岁以上女性是骨质疏松性防治的重点人群；男女性应分别从50岁后和40岁后应加强肢体锻炼、增加四肢肌肉量、控制内脏脂肪，预防骨质疏松。

Objective To analyze the changing characteristics with age of bone strength and body composition in Gansu Yugur adults and to explore the correlation. Methods From July 2015 to August 2016, a total of 725 Yugur adults in Yugur autonomous county of Gansu province were selected by the stratified random sampling method and their bone strength and body composition indexes were measured by an ultrasonic bone mineral density meter and body composition analyzer respectively. Results The bone strength in Yugur male adults was lower than in female adults in 20-29 age group (P<0.05), and it was higher than female adults after 50 years old (P<0.01). The muscle mass of males in each age group was higher than females (P<0.01). Total fat mass and subcutaneous fat mass in males were lower than in females in each age group (P<0.01). Visceral fat mass in males were lower than in females in 20-29 age group and after 70 years old (P<0.01). The bone strength peak in Yugur male and female adults was 30-39 and 20-29 age group respectively. The bone strength in males and females decreased after 40 and 30 years old respectively, and there had been significant difference than before from 50-59 and 40-49 age group respectively (P<0.05). It was lower than foregoing groups after 70 years old and 50 years old respectively (P<0.01). The double peaks of total, trunk and limbs muscle mass in males were in 40-49 and 60-69 age group, and one peak in females was in 40-49 age group. The peaks of fat mass in parts of body in male and female adults were 60-69 and 50-59 age group respectively. Bone strength was positively correlated with limbs muscle mass and subcutaneous fat mass (P<0.01), and negatively correlated with visceral fat mass (P<0.01) by multiple linear stepwise regression analysis. Conclusion There is synchronous change of body composition in parts of body of Gansu Yugur adults with age, and female bone strength decrease earlier and faster than males. The bone strength of Gansu Yugur adults is determined by muscle and fat mass, and associated with the distribution of them. Gansu Yugur males over 70 years old and females over 50 years old are the focus of prevention and treatment for Osteoporosis, and the male adults after 50 years old and female adults after 40 yeas old should strengthen the exercise, increase limbs muscle mass, and cut down visceral fat for osteoporosis prevention.